CIVL4170 Week 3 - lecture 5&6 - Identify Assess and Treat Risks 1 - lecture slides

CIVL4170: Risk Analysis in Civil Engineering

Lecture 5&6: Identify, Assess and Treat Risks (Part 1)

  • A/Prof Ilje Pikaar

  • Week 3 - Semester 1, 2025


Recap of Week 2: The Risk Management Process

  • ISO 31000 Risk Management Framework

    • Step 1: Establish the scope.

    • Step 2: Risk Identification.

    • Step 3: Risk Analysis.

    • Step 4: Risk Evaluation.

    • Step 5: Risk Treatment.

    • Step 6: Monitoring and reviewing risk.

  • Example Focus: Filling a road tanker at a Tanker Depot (steps 1 and 2).


Understanding Risk Management

  • Definition: Risk management is the systematic application of management policies, procedures, and practices for tasks such as communication, consultation, establishing context, identifying, analyzing, evaluating, treating, monitoring, and reviewing risk.

  • Importance of Risk Assessment: A conscious effort to evaluate the probability and consequences (positive or negative) of taking an action.


Establishing Context (ISO 31000 Risk Management Framework)

  • Key Components:

    • Communication and consultation

    • Risk Assessment

    • Risk Identification

    • Risk Analysis

    • Risk Evaluation

    • Risk Treatment

    • Scenario Identification

    • Control Analysis

    • Control Management

    • Planning

    • Monitoring and review


Types of Risks in Civil Engineering

  • Various types of risks relevant to the profession include:

    • Work Health & Safety (WH&S)

    • Environmental

    • Social

    • Financial

    • Project-related risks

  • Risk Identification Techniques: Numerous techniques available; none are perfect. Commonly used technique:

    • Risk matrix (qualitative)

  • Principles of Risk Management:

    • Hierarchy of Controls

    • Inherently Safe Design

    • Defence in Depth (layers of protection)

    • ALARP

    • Bowtie analysis: A common risk management tool.

  • Remember: There is no such thing as ZERO RISK!

  • Risk management is a continuing process emphasizing good documentation and communication.


Key Terms in Risk Management

  1. Risk: Effect of uncertainty on objectives.

  2. Risk Identification: Finding, recognizing, and describing risks.

    • Hazard: A potential source of harm (e.g., electricity, gas at pressure, fluids, falling objects).

    • Threat: Something that can release a hazard (e.g., corrosion).

  3. Risk Analysis: Estimation of likelihood and consequences of an event.

    • Likelihood: Frequency of occurrence (e.g., 1/year).

    • Consequence: Impact of an event (e.g., injury, asset loss).

    • Exposure: Entities of value at risk during potential incidents.

  4. Risk Evaluation: Deciding if a risk is acceptable or requires treatment.

  5. Risk Treatment: Identifying controls to prevent or mitigate risks.

    • Unwanted Event: Unplanned release of a hazard.

    • Control: Device or action to arrest or mitigate an unwanted event.


Quiz Questions Recap for Week 2

  • ALARP Demonstration Questions:

    1. How to demonstrate ALARP?

      • Look at cost, previous successes, practicality of options.

    2. Identify risk treatment options:

      • Reduce exposure occurrence, eliminate threats.

    3. Correct statements:

      • HAZID identifies risks using hazard sources; HAZOP identifies risks with process deviations.

      • Quantitative methods apply more than qualitative methods.

      • FMEA identifies risks associated with equipment failures.


Course Scope and Focus Areas

  • Focus Areas Include:

    • Stakeholder & Reputation Risk Management

    • Safety & Health

    • Environmental Impacts

    • Cybersecurity

    • Financial Performance

  • Key Activities:

    • Identify, Assess and Treat Risks

    • Monitor and Review Risk Management


Example Case Study: Risk Assessment for Tanker Depot

  • Scenario: Performing a Risk Assessment & completing a Risk Register for filling a road tanker at a Tanker Depot.

    • Depot receives petrol and diesel via pipelines from a refinery.

    • Pumps fuel into road tankers.

    • Site equipped with basic safety measures: spill kits, emergency stop systems, and cleanup equipment.


Useful Product Information for Risk Assessment

Properties of Fuels

  • Unleaded Petrol:

    • Solubility in Water: Nil

    • Flash Point: -40°C

    • Hazards: Highly flammable.

  • Diesel:

    • Solubility in Water: Nil

    • Flash Point: >61.5°C

    • General Hazards: Flammable.


Risk Assessment Process Overview

Step 1: Establish the Context

  • Scope Consideration Table (PLEATESO framework):

    • People: Identify involved and impacted individuals.

    • Locations: Areas where risk exists.

    • Equipment: Tools and machinery involved.

    • Activities: Operations/tasks evaluated.

    • Timing: Schedule and duration of tasks.

    • Environmental conditions: Weather impacting risks.

    • Scenarios: Known risk scenarios.

    • Other assumptions: Information on potential hazards and controls.


Step 1 Detailed Tasks

  1. Determine objectives of the risk assessment.

  2. Identify stakeholders to involve in the process.

  3. Establish the scope including included/excluded factors.

  4. Select risk assessment approaches and document context for clarity.


Draft Scope Table Exercise

  • Task: Create a scope table for filling a road tanker.

  • Use: The 'Risk Register 2025 blank - Project 1A'.

  • Framework: PLEATESO.

  • Duration: 20 minutes to draft, note any missing information.


Project Name and Scope Table Example

  • Project Name: Risk assessment for filling petrol at the tanker filling depot.

  • In Scope:

    • Operators and teams dealing with fuel management.

    • Locations, equipment, and activities involved outlined in detail.

  • Out of Scope:

    • Situations not relevant to immediate risk assessment.


Risk Register Template Overview

  • Components Include:

    • People, Locations, Equipment, Activities, Environmental considerations, Scenarios, Other assumptions.

    • Must be clearly understood and useful as a communication tool in risk management.


Risk Identification: Hazard Descriptions

  • Unwanted Event Scenarios: Clear definitions and examples of hazards/risks.

  1. Hazard: Mechanical - moving vehicles.

    • Described with specific scenarios (e.g., tankers hitting workers).

  2. Common Errors: Misidentifying unwanted events as hazards.


Risk Identification Review Tasks

  • Task: For each unwanted event, clearly outline potential causes and consequences.

  • Consequence Considerations: Capturing multiple impacts of the event.

  • Importance of Documentation: Ensuring clear communication and identification of necessary actions.


Example of Worked Out Solutions

  • List potential causes and consequences for various scenarios involving hazardous materials and mechanical risks.

  • Final considerations for risk treatment involve defining controls, expected outcomes, and monitoring methodologies.


Closing Questions and Interaction

  • Open floor for inquiries and clarification on risk assessment processes in context.

  • Encourage interaction and questions to solidify understanding.


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