POSITION PAPER

Persuasion - convincing and persuading.

Where is Persuasion applicable?

1. Selling of products

2. Asking support for an advocacy

3. Earning votes for Election.

4. Homilies in church

5. Asking parents for money

6. Convincing others what to eat for Snacks

Persuasion - a form of speech or writing that uses argument or emotion to make the listener or reader, believe what the author is saying.

Position - a way of thinking about a particular matter; Opinion.

Assertion - a statement that you strongly believe is true.

Argument - the reasons for your opinion about the truth of something or an explanation of why you believe something should be done.

Position Paper - is a kind academic text which presents an arguable opinion about an issue. The objective is to convince or persuade readers that your opinion is valid.

-Types of Position paper -

Editorial and Argumentative.

1. Editorial

- published (opinion Date. of editors of a newspaper or magazine)

- states facts but gives opinion. with evidence

- concise

- Goal is to simply state the editor's opinion on a certain icrue

2. Argumentative Essay

- May or may not be published

- states facts but gives opinions with evidence

- longer than an Editorial

- Goal is to influence and pursuade others to take the same side.

FACT vs OPINION

Fact

- General Truth

- No one can disagree with it

Opinion

- (Also called Assertion)

- People may or may not agree with it.

Fallacies

Fallacy - is an error in reasoning and this usually happens when we have faculty assumptions on the way we relate ideas.

- Failure in reasoning that renders an argument invalid.

TYPES OF FALLACY

1. Sweeping Generalization - happens when you come up with a conclusion based on a limited number of examples.

2. Post HOC, Ergo propter HOC - two things that happened one after another are not necescarily related.

3. Ad Hominem - An argument does not become - invalid by virtue of the person stating it. (also an attack to the other person)

4. Appeal to Authority - An argument does not necescarily become correct if a popular of highly esteemed person is the one saying it.

5. Ad Populum - Majority does not always win.

6. False Analogy - Happens when two unlike concepts. or things are compared as if they were just similar to one another.

7. False Dichotomy - Happens when two choices are presented as if they were the only choices available.

CONCEPT PAPER

Concept paper - It defines an idea or a concept and explains its essence in order to clarify the "whatness" of that idea or concept.

- It answers the questions: what is it and what about it (Dadufalza 1996)

- It starts with a definition, either formal or informal, of the term or the concept and proceeds with an expanded definition and an analytic description of the aspects of the concept.

DEFINITIONS

Definitions - are used to provide the meaning of a particular word or term. (Formal, Informal or Extended)

1) Formal Definition - Include the term, class and distinguishing features.

* TERM - word to be defined

* CLASS - where the group belongs

* FEATURES - qualities that make the term unique.

Example: Democracy is a form of goverment in which all eligible citizens participate equally.

Informal Definition - do not indude distinguishing features.

Example: A chair is a piece of furniture.

3.) Extended Definitions - are essay length texts that use different rhetorical patterns to show the meaning of a particular term or concept.

CRITIQUE/REVIEW PAPER

Critique Paper - a written document wherein the writer passes judgement on a certain food, film, restaurant, product, or anything that can be procured so that readers of your work would be able to make more informed decisions as consumers.

How can a review credible?

- writer could be able to come up with criteria

- Obiective

- Should be based on accurate observations

- should not be arbitrary.

Parts of a critique Paper

- Introduction, body, and conclusion.

1.) Introduction - includes the hook/hook line

- Provider background info

2) Body - includes the general impression and the positive and negative points

3.) Conclusion - includes the recomendation and the ratings

*Title is a hook line

Hook Line - grabs the attention of the readers and attracts them to read the entire text.

1st paragraph

- introduction

- info about the topic

- Facts and observation

2nd paragraph

- transition part

- thesis statement is usually found here

3rd paragraph

- positive and negative experiences

- Positive first negative second

1. Sweeping Generalization:

- “I met one rude person from that city; everyone from there must be unpleasant."

- "I tried one dish from that cuisine and didn't like it, so all their food must be terrible."

2. Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc:

- "I wore my lucky socks and aced the exam; wearing those socks caused my success."

- "I took a new supplement, and then my cold went away; the supplement must be a miraculous cure."

3. Ad Hominem:

- "Instead of addressing the argument, he attacked the speaker's appearance to discredit their point."

-"Don't listen to her; she's always wrong about everything."

4. Appeal to Authority:

- "The celebrity endorsed this product, so it must be the best in the market."

- "The expert said it, and they're never wrong, so we should believe it without question."

5. Ad Populum:

-"Everyone is using this app; it must be the coolest one out there."

- "This popular diet is the key to weight loss because so many people are following it."

6. False Analogy:

- "Teaching a dog new tricks is like teaching a child algebra; if I can do the former, I can surely do the latter."

- "Just as a car needs fuel to run, our bodies need chocolate to function optimally."

7. False Dichotomy:

- "You're either with us or against us in this debate; there's no middle ground."

- "You can either support every policy I propose, or you must be against the progress of our nation."