developments in technology
DEVELOPMENTS OF MICROELECTRONICS
in 1799 Alessandro Volta inveted the early battery, developed by Faraday in 1821, Edison in 1879 and Bell in 1957 with the first transistor. this is called a thermionic generating a lot of heat, was very large and had a glass bulb
this transistors are made of silicone semiconductor and are necessary for electronics overtime they had decreased of time in size, so now billlions can be on a silicone wafer. a transistor can amplifiy signals and be used as an electronic switch
this has allowed microelectronics to boom with product conergence in phones, with smaller, more effieicient phones. furthermore, moore’s law states that the number of transistors on silicone doubles every two years
NEW MATERIALS
new materials are often developed to be manufactured more easily, with PLA being procuted to be easily coloured and 3d printed. modern materials are recently discovered or developed and smart materials react to external stimuli and change their properties in response
new materials area used allowing new design possilities with SMAs such as Nitinol and textiles such as Kevlar and the fire resitant verion Nomex allowing better fire production
alongside this nanomaterials have been improved to have products from 1 - 100 nanometers in size, this products work at a molecular level. one example is graphene a one atom thick, strong, transparent, conducting material
NEW METHODS OF MANUFACTURE
specialist methods are developed for manufacture over time, this is combined with new mangemenet techniques to allow more unqiue processes. JIT and FMS have meant that most of manufacture can be automated. robots can do repeitive tasks easilt and cobots can work more effieiciently with humans
advanced 3d printing has also allowed complex shapes of polymers, contrete, food and metals to produced accuractly and quick, this allowed new forms to be made
CAD/CAM ADVANCEMENTS
CAD/CAM ha sdeveloped over time with FEA and CFD allowing better testing before production to test new ideas quicker. CAD/CAM has also become moreavailable allowing deisgners to utilise throguhout deisgn with VR and AR testing for visualisation and ddevelopment
moreover, generative deisgn allows minimisation of watse and maximisation of strucural integrity allowing algorithims to deisgn shapes for you
DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE PROCESS DEVELOPMENT
research and investigation
online databases
digital recordings
manufactureres infromation sheets
manuals
social media feedback
EPOS
sharing ideas
design generation
CFD
FEA
2D and 3D CAD
3D printing
VR
AR
collaborative documents
manufacture
JIT
CAM
FMS
MPS
AGVs
robots
cobots
RFIDs
quality control
non-destructive testing
laser scanning
automated sampling
feedback analysis
logistics and distribution
GPS
delivery robotos
stock control
CAM packaging
digital printing