Rubella = German measles or 3-day measles, it is usually a very mild disease in children but can be quite serious in pregnant women (miscarriage, fetal death/stillbirth, and severe congenital anomalies )

Rubella (German measles) is spread by contaminated airborne droplets

During the 1980s, most children diagnosed with an HIV infection probably acquired it through a blood transfusion. Today, virtually all HIV infections in children are a result of maternal–fetal transfer through blood

Influenza is caused by viruses in the orthomyxoviridae family

Pinworms = parasitic nematodes that infect the intestines and rectum

Legg-Calvé-Perthes (LCP) disease is an avascular necrosis of the upper end of the femur, blood supply to the femoral head is reduced (disorder of growth that is most common in boys aged 4 to 8 years). Usually the only symptom is pain that increases with walking or running

Varicella (chickenpox) = one of the most common childhood infectious diseases/ highly contagious. Symptoms of varicella include a classic dew drop on a rose petal macular rash

Reye’s syndrome is an acute encephalopathy, cause is unknown, but a relationship has been found between the disease and the use of aspirin for febrile illnesses in children

For asthma rescue medications are short-acting medications used to slow or prevent an acute attack/ may include short-acting bronchodilators such as albuterol

Pneumonia= characterized by the alveolar air spaces in the lungs becoming filled with exudate, inflammatory cells, and fibrin

Firearms are used in over 50% of suicides, with males using guns more often than females

Lead poisoning is a chronic event (Children suffering from neurologic symptoms, chronic anemia, or difficulty with coordination should be evaluated for lead poisoning) Chelation therapy treatment removes the lead from the blood

Greatest incidence of food allergy occurs in children under age 1, and the most common allergies are to cow’s milk and eggs

Leukemia is the most common form of cancer in children and teens accounting for almost 1 out of 3 cases of childhood cancer

Croup, also known as laryngotracheobronchitis, is an upper respiratory infection; characterized by a harsh barking cough, fever, inspiratory stridor, laryngeal spasms, and increased difficulty in breathing at night

Tularemia is caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis- infectious disease of rodents transmitted to humans usually through an insect bite; may also be called rabbit fever or deer fly fever

Candidiasis = a yeast infection; Candidiasis in infants is commonly found in the mouth (thrush) and on the buttocks (diaper rash)