Advantages and disadvantages - Nuclear fission - CCEA - GCSE Physics (Single Science) Revision - CCEA - BBC Bitesize

Nuclear Fission

• Definition: The splitting of a large atomic nucleus (e.g., uranium) into smaller nuclei with the release of energy.

Parts of a Fission Reactor

• Functionality and components involved in nuclear fission processes.

Advantages of Nuclear Power

• Environmental Impact: Does not release greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide.

• Energy Efficiency: Releases one million times more energy per kg compared to chemical reactions (e.g., burning coal, oil, gas).

• Fuel Requirements: Requires significantly less fuel than conventional power stations, reducing transportation and mining costs.

• Employment Opportunities: Generates jobs in various sectors.

• Safety: Modern reactor designs are extremely safe.

Disadvantages of Nuclear Power

• Public Concerns: Fear of living near nuclear plants and radioactive waste storage facilities due to potential leaks.

• Historical Incidents: Accidents in Ukraine and Japan have caused extensive economic, health, and environmental damage.

• Greenhouse Gases: Mining, transport, and purification of uranium ore contribute to greenhouse gas emissions.

• Non-renewable Resource: Uranium, like fossil fuels, is a non-renewable energy source with limited supply.

• Radioactive Waste: Highly dangerous, long-lasting waste requires expensive, secure storage solutions.

• Leakage Risks: Concerns about potential leaks causing soil and water pollution, especially in earthquake-prone regions.

• Decommissioning Costs: High costs and skilled labor required to safely decommission nuclear power facilities.