ib com sci

Here are your combined notes in bullet points with no duplicate information:

### Components of a Computer System:

- Hardware

- Software

- Peripheral Devices (e.g., mouse)

- Network: A series of interconnected nodes (points) in the system.

- Human Resources (HR): Deals with administration and management.

- Clients: Hardware or software that accesses services provided by a server.

  - Fat Clients: Perform most processing without relying on the server (e.g., Microsoft Word).

  - Thin Clients: Rely on the server for most processing (e.g., Google Docs).

  - Hybrid Clients: A mix of fat and thin clients (e.g., Spotify Premium, Call of Duty).

- Server: A combination of hardware and software that processes and delivers data to clients.

- Router: Forwards data packets between networks; manages connections.

- Firewall: Prevents unauthorized access to/from a network.

- Intranet: A private network within an organization.

### System Design and Analysis:

- Methods of Analysis:

  - Observation: Monitoring the system while it works.

    - Pros: In-depth exploration, natural data.

    - Cons: System behavior may change when observed, difficult to analyze non-statistical data.

  - Focus Groups: Group discussions for feedback.

    - Pros: Interaction, follow-up questions, non-verbal cues.

    - Cons: Potential bias, fear of judgment.

  - Interviews: Direct face-to-face feedback.

    - Pros: In-depth answers, observation of body language.

    - Cons: Time-consuming, potential selection bias.

- Prototype Development:

  - Ensures the system meets requirements, matches capabilities, and improves on previous systems.

  - Testing involves revisions and iterations (design cycle).

- Prototyping Process:

  - Identify basic requirements.

  - Develop an initial prototype (UI only).

  - Beta testing to gather feedback and revise the design.

### Iteration and Testing:

- Iterative System: Quickly identifies and fixes problems, leading to a more successful final product. Cost savings is a significant advantage.

- Unit Testing: Tests individual components; feedback is typically reviewed the next day.

- Pair Programming: Ensures compatibility with other components and systems.

### Human Interaction with the System:

- Usability:

  - Learnability: Ease of completing basic tasks initially.

  - Efficiency: Speed after learning.

  - Memorability: Ease of returning to the system after a break.

  - Errors: Frequency, severity, and ease of recovery from errors.

  - Satisfaction: User enjoyment.

- User Experience (UX): Enhancing user satisfaction and accessibility.

- User Interface (UI): How users interact with the system, focusing on emotional responses and usability.

- Usability Issues & Solutions:

  - Blindness, no hands, bad hearing, etc.

  - Solutions: Sip and puff devices, voice recognition software, and specialized keyboards.

### Planning and System Installation:

- Change Management: Approaches to transitioning users to new systems, ensuring compatibility with legacy systems.

- Legacy System: Existing systems that may be more costly and vulnerable to security risks.

- Software as a Service (SaaS): Cloud-based software with subscriptions.

- Application Service Provider (ASP): Hosts software and maintains infrastructure (e.g., AWS).

- Data Migration: Transferring old data to new systems.

  - Issues: Corruption, file format incompatibility, cost, and time-zone mismatches.

### Installation Methods:

- Direct: Switches old system off, and new system on.

  - Pros: Cheap, quick, and no need for duplicate data.

  - Cons: No backup, high risk of system downtime.

- Parallel: Runs both old and new systems simultaneously.

  - Pros: Backup system, less stress for users, no immediate learning curve.

  - Cons: Time-consuming, costly, managing duplicate data.

- Phased: Gradual implementation of the new system.

  - Pros: Lower cost, isolated errors.

  - Cons: Slow implementation.

- Pilot: Testing the new system at a small scale before full implementation.

  - Pros: Cost-effective, identifies issues early.

### Documentation and Training:

- Documentation: Provides help, support, manuals, etc., and affects the implementation rate.

- Training:

  - Formal Training: Expensive but guarantees skill levels.

  - Self-Instruction: Inexpensive, but may lack external guidance.

  - Online Training: Flexible and cost-effective, but may lack attention from users.

### System Backup:

- Potential Errors:

  - Data loss (user errors, malware, theft, hardware failure).

  - Malware (viruses, trojans, worms).

  - Natural disasters.

- Backup Solutions:

  - Physical and online backups.

  - Antivirus software.

  - Physical security measures (e.g., locked doors, secured laptops).

### Software Deployment:

- Updates: Regular application and system updates are necessary for maintaining functionality and security.

This should cover all of the points, combining the information without repetition! Let me know if you'd like any adjustments.