Cooper et al. 2015

Abstract

  • Study tested if wildlife recreationists are more likely to engage in pro-environmental behavior (PEB) than non-recreationists.

  • Compared PEB engagement among four groups: hunters, birdwatchers, hunter-birdwatchers, and non-nature-based recreationists.

  • Found that wildlife recreationists engaged in conservation behaviors 4-5 times more than non-recreationists, while lifestyle behaviors were similar across groups.

Key Findings

  • Wildlife recreationists (hunters and birdwatchers) significantly contribute to conservation initiatives.

  • Hunter-birdwatchers exhibited the highest conservation engagement.

  • No significant differences in environmental lifestyle behaviors between recreationist types.

Pro-environmental Behaviors (PEB)

  • Defined as actions promoting positive environmental impact and sustainable resource use.

  • 90 million Americans engaged in some wildlife recreation as per 2011 National Survey.

  • Lack of clear links between types of wildlife recreation, environmental concern, and PEB in existing research.

Research Methodology

  • Surveys conducted with 941 rural New York residents.

  • Participants classified into four groups based on self-identification and activity levels.

  • Socio-demographic variables and beliefs were statistically controlled.

Results and Implications

  • High levels of self-reported PEB among birdwatchers.

  • Participation rates in conservation behaviors were notably higher relative to demographic factors.

  • PEBs include habitat enhancement, supporting environmental groups, and advocating for wildlife.

Socio-Demographics Data

  • Birdwatchers tend to be more educated, environmentally concerned, and predominantly female.

  • Hunters typically younger, less educated, and predominantly male.

  • Hunter-birdwatchers share traits with both groups.

Management Recommendations

  • Consolidate efforts to support both hunting and wildlife viewing to enhance conservation outcomes.

  • Recognize common values in conservation efforts between hunters and birdwatchers to increase engagement.

  • Assess and leverage demographic differences in conservation strategies.