Thinking & Language

Phoneme: smallest unit of sound

Morpheme: smallest unit with meaning; basically a bunch of phonemes put together

Whistic Determinism: language determines the way you think

Algorithm: trying every solution until one works; guarantees success (time consuming)

Heuristic: shortcut, but success isn't guaranteed

Representative Heuristic: a template/example of something that we think of (stereotypes)

Availability Availability: instant/default memory as soon as you hear about a topic 

Mental set: trying to use old solutions to new problems

Functional fixedness: when you don't realize something has another function than what is intended

Framing: the way something is presented

Gambler's fallacy: thinking something is gonna turn out a certain way because of a pattern, but failing to use logic for reasoning

Sunk cost fallacy: when you put so much dedication into something that it becomes hard to give up on it

Planning Fallacy: overestimating your future leisure time and income

Divergent thinking: looking at all possible solutions

Convergent thinking: looking at all possible solutions and choosing one

Deductive reasoning: general info on a topic will help solve a specific problem

Inductive reasoning: applying specific knowledge to a general topic

Prototype: best example if a concept

Superordinate: finding a solution by pooling together effort

Subordinate: someone who is under the control of an authority figure

Intuition: an effortless automatic feeling or thought contrasted with explicit, conscious reasoning

Creativity: ability to produce new and valuable ideas