Grade 7 Math GMAS Vocabulary

Overview

• Grade Level: 7th Grade
• Topic: Grade 7 GMAS Vocabulary Practice
• Number of Words: 50

Vocabulary Words

1. Rational Number

   • Definition: A number that can be expressed as a fraction or quotient of two integers.
   • Example: The number 3/4 is a rational number.

2. Absolute Value

   • Definition: The distance of a number from zero on a number line, regardless of direction.
   • Example: The absolute value of -5 is 5.

3. Opposite Numbers

   • Definition: Two numbers that are the same distance from zero on the number line but in opposite directions.
   • Example: The opposite of 7 is -7.

4. Properties of Operations

   • Definition: Rules that describe how mathematical operations behave with numbers.
   • Example: The distributive property allows you to multiply a number by a sum by multiplying each addend first.

5. Distributive Property

   • Definition: A property that states a(b + c) = ab + ac.
   • Example: Using the distributive property, 3(4 + 5) equals 34 + 35.

6. Commutative Property

   • Definition: A property that states the order of numbers does not change the sum or product: a + b = b + a.
   • Example: Adding 3 and 5 gives the same result as adding 5 and 3.

7. Associative Property

   • Definition: A property that states how numbers are grouped does not affect their sum or product: (a + b) + c = a + (b + c).
   • Example: Grouping 2 + 3 together first yields the same sum as grouping 3 + 5.

8. Identity Property

   • Definition: The property that states any number plus zero is the number itself; any number multiplied by one is the number itself.
   • Example: The identity property says that 8 + 0 = 8.

9. Inverse Property

   • Definition: The property that states for every number a, a + (-a) = 0 and a * (1/a) = 1.
   • Example: The inverse operation for addition is subtraction.

10. Additive Inverse

    • Definition: A number that, when added to a given number, results in zero.
    • Example: The additive inverse of 9 is -9.

11. Multiplicative Inverse

    • Definition: A number that, when multiplied by a given number, results in one.
    • Example: The multiplicative inverse of 4 is 1/4.

12. Repeating Decimal

    • Definition: A decimal that has digits that repeat indefinitely.
    • Example: The decimal 0.666… is a repeating decimal.

13. Terminating Decimal

    • Definition: A decimal that ends or terminates after a finite number of digits.
    • Example: 0.25 is a terminating decimal.

14. Coefficient

    • Definition: A numerical factor in a term of an algebraic expression.
    • Example: In 4x, the number 4 is the coefficient.

15. Variable

    • Definition: A letter or symbol used to represent a number that can vary.
    • Example: In the expression x + 7, x is the variable.

16. Expressions

    • Definition: A combination of numbers, variables, and operators that represents a value.
    • Example: The expression 2x + 5 shows a relationship between x and the number 5.

17. Equation

    • Definition: A mathematical statement that asserts the equality of two expressions.
    • Example: The equation 3x + 2 = 11 can be solved for x.

18. Algebraic solution

    • Definition: The process of finding the value of a variable using algebraic methods.
    • Example: Using algebraic solution methods helps find the unknown value.

19. Arithmetic solution

    • Definition: The method of solving a problem using basic arithmetic operations.
    • Example: An arithmetic solution to 8 + 5 is 13.

20. Inequality

    • Definition: A mathematical statement that shows that two expressions are not equal, often using symbols like
    • Example: The inequality x > 5 shows that x is greater than 5.

21. Ratio

    • Definition: A comparison of two quantities, often expressed as a fraction.
    • Example: The ratio of boys to girls in the class is 3:2.

22. Unit Rate

    • Definition: A ratio that compares a quantity to one unit of another quantity.
    • Example: If a car travels 120 miles in 2 hours, the unit rate is 60 miles per hour.

23. Proportion

    • Definition: An equation that states two ratios are equivalent.
    • Example: If 1/2 = 2/4, then the two ratios are in proportion.

24. Constant of proportionality

    • Definition: The constant ratio in a proportional relationship.
    • Example: In the equation y = kx, k is the constant of proportionality.

25. Proportional relationship

    • Definition: A relationship where two quantities maintain a constant ratio.
    • Example: If the price of apples is consistently $2 per pound, that is a proportional relationship.

26. Percentage

    • Definition: A fraction or ratio expressed as a part of 100.
    • Example: 50% means 50 out of every 100.

27. Scale Factor

    • Definition: A number used to multiply quantities to increase or decrease their size.
    • Example: The scale factor of 2 means each dimension is doubled in size.

28. Scale Drawing

    • Definition: A drawing that shows a real object with accurate sizes reduced or enlarged by a certain amount.
    • Example: A map is a scale drawing of a geographic area.

29. Geometric Shapes

    • Definition: Figures created by combining points, lines, and curves that can be two-dimensional or three-dimensional.
    • Example: Triangles, circles, and squares are examples of geometric shapes.

30. Angle

    • Definition: A figure formed by two rays that share a common endpoint, measured in degrees.
    • Example: A right angle measures exactly 90 degrees.

31. Parallel Lines

    • Definition: Lines in the same plane that never meet and are always the same distance apart.
    • Example: Railroad tracks are an example of parallel lines.

32. Perpendicular Lines

    • Definition: Lines that intersect at right angles (90 degrees).
    • Example: The letter T is formed from two perpendicular lines.

33. Number of Sides

    • Definition: The total count of edges on a polygon.
    • Example: A triangle has three sides.

34. Lengths of Sides

    • Definition: The measurements of each edge of a polygon.
    • Example: The lengths of the sides of a rectangle can be equal or different.

35. Vertex

    • Definition: A point where two or more lines meet, commonly used in regards to polygons.
    • Example: A triangle has three vertices.

36. Cross section

    • Definition: The intersection of a solid object with a plane, revealing its inner structure.
    • Example: A cross section of a tree shows its rings.

37. Area

    • Definition: The amount of space inside a two-dimensional shape, measured in square units.
    • Example: The area of a rectangle is calculated by multiplying its length by its width.

38. Area of a Rectangle

    • Definition: A specific formula for calculating the area of a rectangle, given by length times width.
    • Example: The area of a rectangle that is 4 units long and 3 units wide is 12 square units.

39. Area of a Triangle

    • Definition: A formula to find the area of a triangle, given by 1/2 the base times the height.
    • Example: The area of a triangle with a base of 5 and height of 4 is 10 square units.

40. Area of a Circle

    • Definition: The area of a circle is calculated using the formula πr², where r is the radius.
    • Example: The area of a circle with a radius of 3 is approximately 28.27 square units.

41. Circumference of a Circle

    • Definition: The distance around a circle, calculated using the formula 2πr or πd, where d is the diameter.
    • Example: The circumference of a circle with a diameter of 10 is approximately 31.42 units.

42. Angle

    • Definition: The space between two intersecting lines or surfaces measured in degrees.
    • Example: A straight angle measures 180 degrees.

43. Supplementary angles

    • Definition: Two angles that add up to 180 degrees.
    • Example: An angle of 100 degrees and an angle of 80 degrees are supplementary.

44. Complementary angle

    • Definition: Two angles that add up to 90 degrees.
    • Example: An angle of 30 degrees and an angle of 60 degrees are complementary.

45. Vertical angles

    • Definition: The angles opposite each other when two lines cross; they are always equal.
    • Example: Vertical angles are formed when two lines intersect.

46. Adjacent angles

    • Definition: Angles that share a common side and a vertex but do not overlap.
    • Example: Two adjacent angles can be found in a parallelogram.

47. Surface area

    • Definition: The total area of the surface of a three-dimensional object.
    • Example: The surface area of a cube is calculated by finding the area of all six faces.

48. Volume

    • Definition: The amount of space an object occupies, measured in cubic units.
    • Example: The volume of a rectangular prism is found by multiplying its length, width, and height.

49. Probability

    • Definition: The likelihood that a certain event will occur, expressed as a number between 0 and 1.
    • Example: The probability of rolling a six on a die is 1/6.

50. Probability model

    • Definition: A statistical model that defines the probability of various outcomes in an experiment.
    • Example: A probability model can show the chance of flipping heads or tails.

51. Experimental probability

    • Definition: Probability based on conducting experiments and observing outcomes.
    • Example: The experimental probability of getting heads may differ from the theoretical probability after several coin flips.

52. Theoretical probability

    • Definition: Probability calculated based on the possible equally likely outcomes in a situation.
    • Example: The theoretical probability of drawing an ace from a standard deck of cards is 4/52.