History - Weimar and Nazi germany.

Timeline of Weimar and Nazi Germany

1918 - End of World War I

• The German Empire collapses, leading to the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II and the establishment of the Weimar Republic.

1919 - Treaty of Versailles

• The treaty is signed, placing heavy reparations and territorial losses on Germany, leading to widespread resentment.

• The Weimar Constitution is adopted, establishing a democratic government.

1920 - Kapp Putsch

• Right-wing forces attempt a coup against the Weimar government, known as the Kapp Putsch, which ultimately fails due to worker strikes.

1923 - Hyperinflation Crisis

• Hyperinflation hits Germany, peaking in late 1923, with devastating effects on the economy and social stability.

• The German government is unable to pay reparations, leading to the occupation of the Ruhr by French and Belgian forces.

1923 - Beer Hall Putsch

• Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party attempt a coup in Munich, attempting to seize power but are arrested.

1924 - Dawes Plan

• The Dawes Plan is instituted to stabilize the German economy and restructure reparations payments, helping to alleviate hyperinflation.

• Gustav Stresemann, the foreign minister and later chancellor, plays a key role in implementing the Dawes Plan, leading to economic recovery and improved international relations.

1925 - Locarno Pact

• The Locarno Pact is signed, wherein Germany, France, Belgium, and Italy agree on borders in Western Europe, fostering a sense of security and stability in the region.

• Germany is also admitted to the League of Nations as a result of the pact, which marks a significant shift in its international relations.

1928 - Kellogg-Briand Pact

• The Kellogg-Briand Pact is signed, asserting that war is not a method of resolving disputes. Many nations, including Germany, sign this agreement, aiming for peaceful coexistence.

1929 - Young Plan

• The Young Plan is introduced, further reducing the reparations payments and extending the payment period, showing Germany's economic recovery and ability to negotiate.

1929 - Great Depression

• The stock market crash in the United States leads to a global depression, severely impacting the German economy and increasing unemployment.

1930 - Rise of the Nazis

• The Nazi Party gains significant traction in the Reichstag elections, becoming the second-largest party due to growing discontent with the Weimar government.

1933 - Hitler Becomes Chancellor

• On January 30, Adolf Hitler is appointed Chancellor of Germany.

• The Reichstag Fire occurs in February, leading to increased government repression of political opponents.

• The Enabling Act is passed in March, allowing Hitler to enact laws without parliamentary consent, marking the start of dictatorship.

1934 - Night of the Long Knives

• A purge occurs within the Nazi Party where Hitler eliminates potential rivals, solidifying his control.

1935 - Nuremberg Laws

• Anti-Semitic laws are enacted, stripping Jews of citizenship and rights, laying the groundwork for widespread persecution.

1938 - Kristallnacht

• A state-sanctioned pogrom against Jews occurs, marked by the destruction of Jewish properties and synagogues, leading to mass arrests.

1939 - Outbreak of World War II

• Germany invades Poland on September 1, leading to the start of World War II.

1939 - T4 Programme

• The T4 Programme is initiated by the Nazi regime aimed at eliminating those deemed "life unworthy of life," including the mentally ill and disabled. This program leads to the systematic killings of tens of thousands of individuals in hospitals and care institutions. The euphemistic name, referring to its headquarters at 4 Tiergartenstraße in Berlin, masks the brutal reality of these actions. It set a dangerous precedent for future atrocities committed during the Holocaust.

1945 - Fall of Nazi Germany

• Germany surrenders in May 1945, marking the end of World War II in Europe. The Weimar Republic and Nazi regime are officially over, leading to division into East and West Germany.

Hitler Youth was the youth organization of the Nazi Party, established to indoctrinate young boys aged 14 to 18 in Nazi ideologies and prepare them for future roles in the Reich. The organization focused on promoting ideals of loyalty to Adolf Hitler, militarism, and the importance of Aryan supremacy. Participation included various physical activities, military drills, and educational programs, aiming to instill a sense of discipline and camaraderie among young Germans. The Hitler Youth became compulsory in 1936, paralleling the regime's broader efforts to control and influence all aspects of German life, ensuring future generations were aligned with Nazi beliefs. Ultimately, it served not only as a tool for Nazi propaganda but also as a means of creating a devoted following that would support the regime's goals into adulthood.

Hitler Youth was the youth organization of the Nazi Party, established to indoctrinate young boys aged 14 to 18 in Nazi ideologies and prepare them for future roles in the Reich. The organization focused on promoting ideals of loyalty to Adolf Hitler, militarism, and the importance of Aryan supremacy. Participation included various physical activities, military drills, and educational programs, aiming to instill a sense of discipline and camaraderie among young Germans. The Hitler Youth became compulsory in 1936, paralleling the regime's broader efforts to control and influence all aspects of German life, ensuring future generations were aligned with Nazi beliefs. Ultimately, it served not only as a tool for Nazi propaganda but also as a means of creating a devoted following that would support the regime's goals into adulthood.

Hitler Youth was the youth organization of the Nazi Party, established to indoctrinate young boys aged 14 to 18 in Nazi ideologies and prepare them for future roles in the Reich. The organization focused on promoting ideals of loyalty to Adolf Hitler, militarism, and the importance of Aryan supremacy. Participation included various physical activities, military drills, and educational programs, aiming to instill a sense of discipline and camaraderie among young Germans. The Hitler Youth became compulsory in 1936, paralleling the regime's broader efforts to control and influence all aspects of German life, ensuring future generations were aligned with Nazi beliefs. Ultimately, it served not only as a tool for Nazi propaganda but also as a means of creating a devoted following that would support the regime's goals into adulthood.

Hitler Youth was the youth organization of the Nazi Party, established to indoctrinate young boys aged 14 to 18 in Nazi ideologies and prepare them for future roles in the Reich. The organization focused on promoting ideals of loyalty to Adolf Hitler, militarism, and the importance of Aryan supremacy. Participation included various physical activities, military drills, and educational programs, aiming to instill a sense of discipline and camaraderie among young Germans. The Hitler Youth became compulsory in 1936, paralleling the regime's broader efforts to control and influence all aspects of German life, ensuring future generations were aligned with Nazi beliefs. Ultimately, it served not only as a tool for Nazi propaganda but also as a means of creating a devoted following that would support the regime's goals into adulthood.

Hitler Youth was the youth organization of the Nazi Party, established to indoctrinate young boys aged 14 to 18 in Nazi ideologies and prepare them for future roles in the Reich. The organization focused on promoting ideals of loyalty to Adolf Hitler, militarism, and the importance of Aryan supremacy. Participation included various physical activities, military drills, and educational programs, aiming to instill a sense of discipline and camaraderie among young Germans. The Hitler Youth became compulsory in 1936, paralleling the regime's broader efforts to control and influence all aspects of German life, ensuring future generations were aligned with Nazi beliefs. Ultimately, it served not only as a tool for Nazi propaganda but also as a means of creating a devoted following that would support the regime's goals into adulthood.

Hitler Youth was the youth organization of the Nazi Party, established to indoctrinate young boys aged 14 to 18 in Nazi ideologies and prepare them for future roles in the Reich. The organization focused on promoting ideals of loyalty to Adolf Hitler, militarism, and the importance of Aryan supremacy. Participation included various physical activities, military drills, and educational programs, aiming to instill a sense of discipline and camaraderie among young Germans. The Hitler Youth became compulsory in 1936, paralleling the regime's broader efforts to control and influence all aspects of German life, ensuring future generations were aligned with Nazi beliefs. Ultimately, it served not only as a tool for Nazi propaganda but also as a means of creating a devoted following that would support the regime's goals into adulthood.

Hitler Youth was the youth organization of the Nazi Party, established to indoctrinate young boys aged 14 to 18 in Nazi ideologies and prepare them for future roles in the Reich. The organization focused on promoting ideals of loyalty to Adolf Hitler, militarism, and the importance of Aryan supremacy. Participation included various physical activities, military drills, and educational programs, aiming to instill a sense of discipline and camaraderie among young Germans. The Hitler Youth became compulsory in 1936, paralleling the regime's broader efforts to control and influence all aspects of German life, ensuring future generations were aligned with Nazi beliefs. Ultimately, it served not only as a tool for Nazi propaganda but also as a means of creating a devoted following that would support the regime's goals into adulthood.

Hitler Youth was the youth organization of the Nazi Party, established to indoctrinate young boys aged 14 to 18 in Nazi ideologies and prepare them for future roles in the Reich. The organization focused on promoting ideals of loyalty to Adolf Hitler, militarism, and the importance of Aryan supremacy. Participation included various physical activities, military drills, and educational programs, aiming to instill a sense of discipline and camaraderie among young Germans. The Hitler Youth became compulsory in 1936, paralleling the regime's broader efforts to control and influence all aspects of German life, ensuring future generations were aligned with Nazi beliefs. Ultimately, it served not only as a tool for Nazi propaganda but also as a means of creating a devoted following that would support the regime's goals into adulthood.

Hitler Youth was the youth organization of the Nazi Party, established to indoctrinate young boys aged 14 to 18 in Nazi ideologies and prepare them for future roles in the Reich. The organization focused on promoting ideals of loyalty to Adolf Hitler, militarism, and the importance of Aryan supremacy. Participation included various physical activities, military drills, and educational programs, aiming to instill a sense of discipline and camaraderie among young Germans. The Hitler Youth became compulsory in 1936, paralleling the regime's broader efforts to control and influence all aspects of German life, ensuring future generations were aligned with Nazi beliefs. Ultimately, it served not only as a tool for Nazi propaganda but also as a means of creating a devoted following that would support the regime's goals into adulthood.

Hitler Youth was the youth organization of the Nazi Party, established to indoctrinate young boys aged 14 to 18 in Nazi ideologies and prepare them for future roles in the Reich. The organization focused on promoting ideals of loyalty to Adolf Hitler, militarism, and the importance of Aryan supremacy. Participation included various physical activities, military drills, and educational programs, aiming to instill a sense of discipline and camaraderie among young Germans. The Hitler Youth became compulsory in 1936, paralleling the regime's broader efforts to control and influence all aspects of German life, ensuring future generations were aligned with Nazi beliefs. Ultimately, it served not only as a tool for Nazi propaganda but also as a means of creating a devoted following that would support the regime's goals into adulthood.