PSYC 1113 Chapter 10

Announcements

• CTE: 11/8 @ 11:59 PM Unit 7 Due

• SB Quiz: 11/15 @ 11:59 PM

  • SB 12, 11, 10, 14, 16 Due

• Research Credits (SONA): Last day to earn research credit (12/6 @ 5 PM)

Emotion Motivation Chapter 10

Outline

Motivation

• James’ view

• Maslow’s view

• Kenrick’s view

The Different Functions of Emotions

• Intrapersonal functions: Motivation

• Interpersonal functions: Communication

Learning Objectives

• Personal reflection on what you want to learn from this class, understanding mental processes, improving mindset and emotional control.

What is Motivation?

• Motivation describes the wants or needs that direct behavior towards a goal.

Investigating Motivation

• Questions to consider:

  • What motivates you?

  • What motivates human behavior?

William James & Instincts

• Behavior driven by instincts contributing to survival.

Definition of Instinct

• An innate, species-specific pattern of behaviors that is not learned.

James’ List of Human Instincts

• Agree/disagree and potential inclusions or removals.

  • Examples include:

    • Attachment

    • Fear

    • Disgust

    • Rivalry

    • Greediness

    • Sociability

    • Parental Love

    • And others.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs

• Theoretical framework combining functionalist traditions of James and Dewey.

• Emphasizes that human motives differ from those of animals and discuss new contentment beyond physiological needs.

Self-Actualization

• Definition: Realizing one’s potential and being engaged in meaningful pursuits.

• Maslow's perspective on achieving happiness through self-actualization.

Common Goals in Life

• Seven motivations or goals:

  • Self-Protection

  • Avoiding Disease

  • Affiliation

  • Status-Seeking

  • Mate Acquisition

  • Kin Care

Rating Personal Goals

• Reflecting on how these goals manifest in your description of self-actualization.

Research Study

• Krems et al. (2017) explored individual perceptions of self-actualization.

Gender Differences in Sexual Behavior

• Research on behavior and receptiveness towards sexual invitations explored by Clark and Hatfield (1989).

  • Compliance rates based on type of sexual request and requestor's sex.

Jealousy in Romantic Relationships

• Differentiation of emotional distress between sexual and emotional infidelity.

The Role of Emotions

• Emotions are vital for setting goals and priorities, supporting both positive and negative pathways toward motivation.

Functions of Emotions

• Motivation:

  • Positive Emotions: Rewards & Memory

  • Negative Emotions: Pain & Memory

Specific Fears and Phobias

• Exploration of universal fear elicitors and how perceptions may vary by context.

Audience Versus Pride Condition

• Reflecting on how one would feel evaluated in scenarios and the pride associated.

Cultural Studies on Devaluation and Shame

• Studies comparing ratings of shame and devaluation across different scenarios and cultures.

Functions of Emotions in Communication

• Role of smiles and social signaling in emotional expression and communication.

Recap of Key Themes

• Motivation, theories of emotion, and societal influences on behaviour and feelings.