Untitled Flashcards Set

KIN 201 WEEK 2

Introduction to Kinesiology

Importance of Physical Activity Experience

Philosophy of Physical Activity

HOW DO

PEOPLE

LEARN

ABOUT

KINESIOLOG

Y?

a. Practicing a

Profession in Physical

Activity

b. Experiencing

Physical Activity

c. Scholarly Study of

Physical Activity

d. All the above

CONCEPTU

AL

FRAMEWO

RKSConceptual frameworks

are how people can

organize complicated and

varying experiences,

assisted with visual

organization and

definitions

KINESIOLOGY

CONCEPTUAL

FRAMEWORK

Three

Spheres of

Knowledge

in

THREE SPHERES

DEFINED

Direct personal

experience of watching

or doing physical

activity

Researching, reading about,

studying, and discussing with

colleagues the theoretical

and practical aspects of

physical activity

Designing and

implementing

physical activity

programs for clients

in one’s

professional

practice

THREE SPHERES

EXAMPLES

Youth soccer

Completing chores

PE class in school

Being in KIN 201

degree requirements

Reading academic journals

Student research

Internship at a PT office

Becoming a professiona

WHAT IS PHYSICAL

ACTIVITY?

“Intentional, voluntary

movement directed

toward achieving an

identifiable goal”

LET’S

BREAK IT

DOWNPhysical activity is:

• Intentional: done on

purpose; deliberate

• Voluntary: done, given, or

acting of one's own free will.

• Directed toward achieving an

identifiable goal

These hold true regardless of

energy expenditure and

setting/form.

MOVEME

NT VS.

PHYSICAL

ACTIVITY

NOT ALL

MOVEMENT IS

PHYSICAL

ACTIVITY, BUT

ALL PHYSICAL

ACTIVITY IS

MOVEMENT

MOVEMENT

Any change in the

position of one’s body

parts relative to each

other

PHYSICAL

ACTIVITY

MOVEMENT OR

PHYSICAL

ACTIVITY?

Brushing teethBrushing teeth

YawningYawning

Mowing the lawnMowing the lawn

Changing positions while sleepingChanging positions while sleeping

Digesting foodDigesting food

Climbing stairsClimbing stairs

Playing a sportPlaying a sport

WHAT INFLUENCES YOUR

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY?

SEVEN PURPOSES OF

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

EXPERIENCES

Usually thought of as one’s reasons for doing

or observing physical activity

Areas are not mutually exclusive! Physical

activity might have many purposes and

reasons

SELF-SUFFICIENCY

One’s ability to be physically

independent

• Activities of Daily Living

(ADLs)

• Instrumental Activities of

Daily Living (IADLs)

• Home maintenance abilities

OTs and PTs

SELF-EXPRESSION

Intentional expression of

emotions, feelings, and

identity

• Sometimes emotional body

language or celebratory

movements happen without

intention, so those

instances would not be

considered physical activitySELF-EXPRESSION

Intentional expression of

emotions, feelings, and

identity

• Sometimes emotional body

language or celebratory

movements happen without

intention, so those

instances would not be

considered physical activity

WORK

Any type of physical activity that

is done at a place of work

• Ex: pizza delivery to construction

workers to professional athlete

• Most of us do not do much

physical activity at our jobs

• Hypokinetic disease

*Ergonomic engineers

EDUCATION

Learning how to do physical

activity

• Ex: Can be anything from learning to

walk to learning how to do surgery

• Most of our education in physical

activity comes from introduction to

sport and exercise and physical

education in school

*Physical education teachers, coaches,

and trainers

LEISURE

Leisure is a state of

contentment typically

evoked by a challenging

activity that stimulates

imagination, creativity, and

identity through physical

activity

• Something that is done

simply for the pleasure of

doing it

HEALTH

Physical activity to

ensure community and

personal health

• Community & Personal

COMPETITION

Organizing principle to

activity

• Can be enjoyable or not, but

usually creates excitement

and strive for personal

excellence

• The word “competition” is

derived from a Latin word

meaning “to strive together”,

is this counterintuitive?

HOW MANY OF YOU...

Did dance?

Exercise? For training in sport? For health

reasons? For physical therapy? For losing fat?

For building muscle?

Walk? Run? Kick?

Play sport?

FOCUSES OF

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

IN KINESIOLOGYThese 4 large groups are how we gain

physical activity experiences aka the:

“Focuses of Physical Activity in

Kinesiology”

• Dance:

• Exercise

• Training:

• Health-related:

• Therapeutic:

• Cosmetic:

• Fundamental movement patterns:

• Sport:

Our reasons to do these physical activities

(seven areas of experience) are different

for everyone

WHAT IS A

SPORT?My preferred definition (I don’t like the

book’s definition):

“Sport is an

institutionalized

competitive activity that

involves physical skill and

specialized facilities or

equipment and is

conducted according to an

accepted set of rules in

order to determine a

winner.”

LET’S BREAK IT

DOWN

1. Institutionalized: governed by an outside

group for rules and conduct (ex: NFL, NCAA,

Little League)

2. Competition: there must be a winner to act

as a motivator

3. Physical skill: movement and skill through

coordination, strength, speed, endurance,

and flexibility

4. Specialized: equipment and facilities

tailored to the sport-specific physical activityLET’S BREAK IT

DOWN

1. Institutionalized: governed by an outside

group for rules and conduct (ex: NFL, NCAA,

Little League)

2. Competition: there must be a winner to act

as a motivator

3. Physical skill: movement and skill through

coordination, strength, speed, endurance,

and flexibility

4. Specialized: equipment and facilities

tailored to the sport-specific physical activity

KINESIOLOGY NAME?

Different universities use other names:Different universities use other names:

••Exercise and Sport ScienceExercise and Sport Science

••Human PerformanceHuman Performance

••Health and Human PerformanceHealth and Human Performance

••Health and KinesiologyHealth and Kinesiology

••Human Movement ScienceHuman Movement Science

••Sports StudiesSports Studies

••Health, Physical Education, andHealth, Physical Education, and

Recreation (HPER)Recreation (HPER)

•• Best term for the young discipline is stillBest term for the young discipline is still

debateddebated

•• Originally most kinesiology departmentsOriginally most kinesiology departments

started asstarted as physical educationphysical education

•• Evolved to KIN because PE no longerEvolved to KIN because PE no longer

captures the breadth of the fieldcaptures the breadth of the field

CSULB recognizes and embraces the

term Kinesiology as the best term for

this study and department

KINESIOLOGY STUDY

TREE

In the 90’s KIN

was Phys. Ed.

and really only

focused on this

30 years of growth

in the KIN field

due to:

1. Growth in

amount of physical

activity

professions and

2. Greater

appreciation for

the importance of

physical activity

KIN one of the largest

and fastest-growing

majors at universities

HOLISTIC

NATURE OF

KINESIOLO

GY

Humans are holistic creatures

with interdependent

• Cognitions

• Emotions

• Bodies

• Spirits

HOW DID THAT

VIDEO MAKE YOU

FEEL?

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IS

BEST WHEN PERSONALLY

MEANINGFUL

Often the journey, not the end result, is the best part

for many active people

The what, how, and why we do physical activity

shapes our motivation, learning, and perceived

success in physical activity

But how do we determine the what,

how, and why?

PHILOSOPHY OF PHYSICAL

ACTIVITY

PHILOSOPHY OF

SPORT AND

EXERCISE

Why should you be a kinesiologist?

What kind of good do kinesiologists bring into the

world?

Is a profession that focuses on health and physical

activity as important as a profession that focuses on

more traditional academic subjects such as writing,

reading, or mathematics?

Is it ethically acceptable to spend more time on a

needy client and neglect one who seems to be in

better health?

Are triage decisions to save the life of a younger

person over an older one ethically defensible?

WHY USE

PHILOSOPHICAL

THINKING?

• “Queen of the Sciences”

• Philosophy asks big, meaning-of-

life questions and uses research

tools that transcend those of

other disciplines

• View philosophy and other subdisciplines

as interdependent, not independent.

• Reflection is the key

WHAT DO

PHILOSOPHERS DO?

 Philosophic thinking in kinesiology is needed to

address a few issues that are important for

kinesiologists:

 Metaphysics: To understand the nature of health and

physical activity (through reasoning)

 Epistemology: To understand our level of confidence

in our claims in kinesiology (through claims)

 Axiology: To understand the most important values of

life but also recognize these values are different for all

 Ethics: To learn how we ought to behave in sport and

in our professional lives as kinesiologists

METAPHYSICS:

THREE TYPES OF

PHILOSOPHICAL

REASONING

Inductive reasoning: specific cases into

develop broad, general principles.

Deductive reasoning: begins with

broad factual or hypothetical premises to

determine more specific conclusions.

Descriptive reasoning: takes

something and tells it how it is.

EPISTEMOLOGY:

FOUR TYPES OF

PHILOSOPHICAL CLAIMS

 Personal opinion: this the lowest level of

truth because it depends on subjective

experience

 Speculation: forming of a theory without

firm evidence, similar to opinion

 Probable assertion: considerable amounts

of evidence can support these claims and

believe to be at least partly true

 Truth assertion: claims that are very

difficult to question and are considered true

AXIOLOGY:

THREE PHILOSOPHICAL

VALUE SYSTEMS OF

HUMAN LIFE

Materialism: The human being is nothing more

than a complex machine; subjective experiences

are real but have no power. We have bodies.

Dualism: The mind and body are separate. Our

thoughts count; priority is given to the mind. We

have bodies and thoughts.

Holism: The mind and body are interdependent.

All behavior is ambiguous. The mind and body

work together. We are our bodies.

ETHICS: THREE

PHILOSOPHICAL

VALUES SYSTEMS OF

SOCIAL BEHAVIOR

Values: our conceptions of the importance of

things that we use to make decisions, both in

personal and in professional matters.

 Morality: refers to the behaviors done based on

personal principles or conscience

 Nonmoral values: refer to objects of desire

such as happiness, ice cream cones, and good

health as motivating factors of behavior

 Ethics: refers to the societal expectations and

understanding of how to act and behave

BASIC BEHAVIORAL

GUIDELINES FOR

SPORT

In our sporting experiences, we’ve become accustomed to

similar ethical guidelines in sport:

 Follow the rules of the sport.

 Respect your opponent.

 Strive to bring out the best performance in one another.

 Care about your opponent’s well-being as much as yours.

 How you play says as much about you as the scoreboard

does.

Consider your own sport participation. Have all of your

actions been moral and ethical?

Ethics and morals are not always clear, especially in sport.

Consider the following example from UNC.