Chemistry - 4 Chemical Calculations - 4.7 Titrations and 4.8 Titration Calculations

‘Titration’ is a process with two uses:

1. To find exactly how much of an acid is needed to neutralise an alkali

2. To find the concentration of a solution

Equipment for a titration:

• clamp stand, clamp and boss

• conical flask

• volumetric pipette

• pipette filler

• burette

• indicator

• 25cm³ alkali with known concentration

• acid with unknown concentration

• white tile

• funnel

Method:

1. Set up a clamp stand to hold a burette with the tap suspended above a conical flask on a white tile (for better view of colour change)

2. Rinse the burette and the pipette with distilled water

3. Use the pipette and pipette filler to measure 25cm³ of alkali into the conical flask. Make sure to read from the bottom of the meniscus

4. Add an indicator (such as methyl orange) to the alkali

5. Fill the pipette with acid using a funnel

6. Add drops of acid into the alkali until the indicator changes colour, showing neutralisation

Titration calculation: