Q4_W4 PR 2

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Types of Quantitative Data Collection

• Overview of various methods used in quantitative research.

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Survey Research

• Use of standardized questionnaires or interviews to gather data.

• Systematic collection of information about people's thoughts, preferences, and behaviors.

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Importance of Survey Research in Quantitative Research

• Essential for measuring unobservable data such as preferences, traits, attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and factual information.

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• Strengths of Survey Research:

  • Effectively measures unobservable data.

  • Ideal for collecting data from large populations remotely.

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• Benefits of Survey Research:

  • Respondents can answer at their convenience; preferred format for many.

  • Interviews may be necessary for hard-to-reach populations.

  • Large surveys can detect small effects even with multiple variables.

  • Cost-efficient in terms of research time and resources.

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ChatGPT Teaching Assistant Student Perception Survey

• Instructions for respondents to rate their agreement on statements based on their experience with ChatGPT.

  • Examples of statements related to the effectiveness and utility of ChatGPT in teaching programming concepts.

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Experiment

• One of the most rigorous research designs.

• Best suited for explanatory research examining cause-effect relationships.

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Three Key Features of Experiments

1. Manipulation of one or more independent variables.

2. Random assignment of subjects to treatment levels.

3. Observation of treatment effects on dependent variables.

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Basic Concepts in Experimental Research

• Random selection and assignment to ensure similar treatment groups.

• Treatment manipulation as the main tool for cause-effect relationships.

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Treatment and Control Groups

• Subjects in treatment groups receive one or more experimental stimuli.

• Success measured by favorable outcomes compared to control group subjects.

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Example of Drug Testing

• Groups:

  • High dosage, low dosage, placebo.

• Effectiveness evaluated by improvement in treatment group compared to control.

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Placebo Effect

• Positive response to a non-active treatment.

• Variations in format (e.g., surgery, injections, pills).

• Nocebo effect: negative responses to inactive ingredients.

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Amplifying Treatment Benefits

• Enhance the placebo effect through enthusiasm, communication skills, and reputation.

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Treatment Manipulation

• Key to controlling for cause in experimental research.

• Utilizes pretests (before treatment) and posttests (after treatment) to measure effectiveness.

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Random Selection and Assignment

• Ensures a positive chance for selection; critical for maintaining internal validity.

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Structured Interview

• Standardized interview schedule administered by trained interviewers.

• Questions are specific and typically include fixed range answers.

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Self-Completion Questionnaire

• Also known as self-administered questionnaire, contains fewer open-ended questions.

• Completed directly by respondents.

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Designing a Self-Completion Questionnaire

• Ensure clear presentation and easy navigation.

• Provide clear instructions and maintain coherence in questions.

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Content Analysis

• A method of document and text analysis that quantifies content using predetermined categories in a systematic manner.

• Thank you!