2BTEXT5.7

Influence of Political Actors on Public Policy Outcomes

Various political actors shape public policy:

• Interest Groups: These groups, like AARP and EMILY’S List, advocate for specific demographics or issues. They can unify or divide, as seen in bipartisan support or single-issue campaigns.

• Social Movements: Movements like Black Lives Matter focus on social justice and civic rights.

Historical Context of Protest

Protest is a fundamental aspect of American history:

• Thomas Jefferson affirmed the right to alter oppressive governments.

• First Amendment guarantees free speech and assembly.

Civil Rights Movement Example

The civil rights movement exemplified organized dissent:

• African Americans pushed for equity post-Civil War, leading to diverse coalitions and demands for civil rights.

Legacy of Civil Rights Organizations

Key organizations include:

• NAACP: Used legal strategies for policy change (e.g., Brown v. Board).

• SCLC: Led by Dr. King, utilized peaceful protests.

• SNCC: Focused on voter registration.

Political Realignments

Critical elections shifted political alliances:

• Notably, African Americans transitioned from Republican support to Democratic loyalty.

Modern Influence of Interest Groups

Despite weakened parties, interest groups remain influential, connecting citizens to governance and impacting policy through lobbying and advocacy.