Algorithm: A step-by-step procedure or set of rules used to solve a problem or accomplish a task.

Abstraction: Simplifying complex systems by focusing on high-level concepts and ignoring irrelevant details.

Binary: A number system based on powers of 2, using only two digits: 0 and 1.

Boolean Logic: A branch of algebra that deals with variables that can take on one of two values, typically true or false.

Byte: A unit of digital information consisting of eight bits.

Bug: An error or flaw in a computer program that causes it to produce incorrect or unexpected results.

Cloud Computing: The delivery of computing services over the internet, including storage, processing power, and software.

Code: Instructions written in a programming language that a computer can understand and execute.

Cybersecurity: Measures taken to protect computer systems and networks from unauthorized access, data breaches, and other cyber threats.

Data: Facts, statistics, or other pieces of information used to analyze, interpret, or make decisions.

Data Encryption: The process of converting data into a code to prevent unauthorized access.

Digital Divide: The gap between those who have access to digital technologies and those who do not.

Digital Footprint: The trail of data left behind by a person's online activities.

Encryption: The process of encoding information in such a way that only authorized parties can access it.

Function: A piece of code that performs a specific task and can be reused in different parts of a program.

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): The standard markup language used to create web pages.

IP Address (Internet Protocol Address): A unique numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network.

Internet: A global network of interconnected computers and other devices that communicate using standardized protocols.

Iteration: The process of repeating a set of instructions a specified number of times or until a certain condition is met.

Malware: Software designed to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to computer systems or data.

Network: A group of interconnected computers and other devices that can communicate and share resources.

Open Source: Software that is freely available for anyone to use, modify, and distribute.

Packet: A unit of data transmitted over a network.

Pseudocode: A simplified, high-level description of a computer program, using natural language rather than specific syntax.

Router: A device that forwards data packets between computer networks.

Server: A computer or software system that provides resources, services, or data to other computers, known as clients, over a network.

Software: Programs and other operating information used by a computer.

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): The set of protocols used for transmitting data over the internet.

URL (Uniform Resource Locator): A web address that specifies the location of a resource on the internet.

Variable: A named storage location in a computer's memory that can hold data, whose value can be changed during program execution.

Virus: A type of malware that can replicate itself and spread to other computers.

Web Browser: A software application used to access information on the World Wide Web.

Algorithmic Bias: Systematic errors or unfairness resulting from the use of algorithms to make decisions.

Artificial Intelligence: The simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems.

Big Data: Extremely large data sets that may be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends, and associations.

API (Application Programming Interface): A set of rules and protocols that allows different software applications to communicate with each other.

Data Mining: The process of analyzing large data sets to discover patterns, trends, and relationships.

Distributed Computing: A computing system in which components are located on different networked computers and work together to achieve a common goal.

Graphical User Interface (GUI): A type of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices using graphical icons and visual indicators.

Heuristic: A problem-solving approach that uses rules of thumb or intuition rather than systematic algorithms.

Latency: The time delay between the initiation of a process and its completion, often used to describe the time it takes for data to travel from one point to another in a network.

Metadata: Data that provides information about other data, such as the title, author, and date of creation of a document.

Open Source Software: Software that is distributed with its source code under an open-source license, allowing users to study, modify, and distribute the software freely.

Real-time: Describing systems or processes that respond to inputs or events instantaneously or within a very short time frame.

Web Server: A computer system that hosts websites and delivers web pages to users in response to their requests.

XML (Extensible Markup Language): A markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable.

Machine Learning: A branch of artificial intelligence that allows computers to learn from data and improve over time without being explicitly programmed.

Open Data: Data that can be freely used, modified, and shared by anyone for any purpose.

Predictive Analytics: The use of data, statistical algorithms, and machine learning techniques to identify the likelihood of future outcomes based on historical data.

Parallel Computing: The simultaneous execution of multiple tasks, aiming to boost computational efficiency by leveraging multiple processors or cores.

Syntax Error: The code violates the rules of the programming language.

Runtime Error: The program is executing and results in the program terminating abruptly.

Logic Error: The program executes without crashing but produces incorrect results due to flawed reasoning or incorrect implementation of algorithms or logic in the code.

Overflow Error: Computation exceeds the maximum value that a data type can represent, often resulting in unexpected or incorrect results.