Practical Assessment Task Skills

Practical Exam Skills Overview

  • Qualitative and Quantitative experiments

  • Variables: dependent, independent, fixed/controlled

  • Aim, Hypothesis, Control

  • Following instructions, Recording results (tables, graphs)

  • Improving experimental design, General tips

  • Designing and writing a new method

Qualitative vs Quantitative Data

Quantitative Data

  • Measured quantity (numbers)

  • Examples: length, height, volume, weight, etc.

Qualitative Data

  • Descriptive quality (observations)

  • Examples: color, texture, smell, etc.

Variables

Independent Variable

  • Changed by investigator (e.g., different volumes in test tubes)

Dependent Variable

  • Changes as a result of independent variable (measured data)

  • Can have multiple dependent variables

Controlled/Fixed Variables

  • Factors kept the same during the experiment

  • Examples: volume of water, time, etc.

Aim and Hypothesis

Aim

  • Purpose of the experiment; includes both dependent and independent variables

Hypothesis

  • Testable educated guess involving both variables

  • Example: "Plants will grow fastest in white light compared to blue and red light."

Control Group

  • Experiment set up without the independent variable; used for comparison

Data Recording

  • Use tables for organizing data

  • Include meaningful headings and appropriate units

  • Different types of graphs: line graphs for continuous data, bar graphs for categories, histograms for grouped data

Reliability, Validity, and Accuracy

Reliability

  • Consistency of results upon repeated experiments

Validity

  • Accuracy in measuring what is intended

Accuracy

  • Precision of measurements

Improving Experimental Design

  • Use replicates, repeat experiments, and increase range of independent variable

Magnification Calculations

  • Steps for calculating magnification from image size and actual size

Serial Dilution

  • Method for creating a series of diluted solutions

Method Design

  • Outline method simply, including instructions, tools, and amounts

Drawing Skills

  • Use pencil to draw and label in pen; accurate representation of specimens

  • Sections: Transverse and Longitudinal

General Tips

  • Prepare adequately, bring necessary materials, and manage time effectively.