Untitled Flashcards Set

George Washington (1789-1797)

• U.S. Neutrality (1789)

• First bank (1791-1811)

• Whiskey Rebellion (1794)

John Adams (1797-1801)

• XYZ Affair (1797): France and US, diplomatic incident, XYZ wanted bribe, Jefferson said no hence called for war.

• Alien and Sedition Acts (1789): Immigrants deportation, punishment to those who wrote about the president violation of freedom of speech.

• Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions (1798): asserted states' rights to declare federal laws unconstitutional in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts passed during the Quasi-War with France.

• “Midnight Judges” (1801)

Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809):

• Marbury v. Madison (1803): Establishment of judicial review

• Louisiana Purchase (1803)

• Lewis and Clark Expeditions (1804-05)

• Embargo Act (1807): closed U.S. ports to all exports and restricted imports from Britain.

• Non-Intercourse Act (1809): lifted all embargoes on American shipping.

James Madison (1809-1817)

• Macon’s Bill/Act (1810): aimed to stop Britain and France from intercepting American ships by offering to trade with the first country that stopped.

• War of 1812: conflict fought between the United States and Great Britain over British violations of U.S. maritime rights.

• Treaty of Ghent (1814) - ended war

• Hartford Convention (1814) - a meeting of Federalists who opposed the War of 1812 and discussed secession, but the party collapsed after the war’s end.

• Battle of New Orleans (1815) - The Battle of New Orleans prevented British control of the Mississippi River and made Andrew Jackson a national hero

James Monroe (Era of Good Feelings) (1817-1825)

• Marshall Court Cases:

  • McCulloh v Maryland (1819) - federal; implied powers

  • Dartmouth College vs Woodward (1819) - federal; private contract no state

  • Gibbons V. Ogden (1824) - fed; interstate commerce

• Florida claim from Spain (1819)

• Missouri Compromise (1820): Missouri becomes slave state, Maine becomes free state; issue of slavery; westward expansion.

• Monroe Doctrine (1823) - Any foreign involvement in the Americas' politics is seen as a threat to the United States.

John Quincy Adams (1825-1829)

• Gibbons vs. Ogden (1824) - fed; interstate commerce.

• Corrupt Bargain (1824) - where Jeffersonian supporters believed J.Q.A and Henry Clay cheated.

• Completion of Erie Canal

• “American System”: protective tariffs, internal improvements, and national bank.

• Tariff of Abominations (1828): raised tariffs; benefited north no benefit south

Andrew Jackson (1829-1837) “era of the common man” Jacksonian Democracy

• White male suffrage (1820s)

• Indian Removal Act (1830)

• Worcester v. Georgia (1832)

• S.B.O.U.S

• Nullification Crisis (1828) → Force Act (1833)

• Formation of Whig Party (1832)

• Pet banks (1833)

Martin Van Buren (1837-1841)

• Panic of 1837

  • -overspeculation in land

  • -specie circular, no B.U.S. : Jefferson vetoed the B.U.S. hence led to Panic of 1837.

  • -unsound financing by state governments.

• Trail of Tears (1838)

William Henry Harrison (1841) - died in 30 days

John Tyler (1841-1845)