Settling the Northern Colonies 1619-1700

Page 1

• Overview of the Northern Colonies during the period from 1619 to 1700.

Page 2

• Document Analysis Instructions

  • Analyze two documents (Doc. B and Doc. C).

  • Key questions to consider:

    1. Importance of source and date.

    2. Types of people who settled in America.

    3. Comparison of New England and Virginia settlements regarding preparedness and stability.

Page 3

• England’s First Settlements

  • Roanoke and Jamestown as early settlements.

  • Contributions of Jamestown.

  • Pilgrims (Separatists) arrived in 1620.

Page 4

• Plymouth Settlement

  • Harsh winter led to a high mortality rate (44 out of 102 survived).

  • Developed relations with Native Americans, notably Squanto.

  • Leadership under Governor William Bradford.

  • Celebrated the first Thanksgiving.

Page 5

• Religious Context

  • Contrast between Virginia and New England.

  • Role of religion for Puritans, including Congregationalists and Separatists.

  • Pilgrims fled for religious and political freedom.

Page 6

• James I (1603-1625)

  • First King of Great Britain, struggled with Parliament.

  • Persecuted Pilgrims for not recognizing him as religious leader.

Page 8

• Mayflower Compact

  • Signed by 41 male passengers, establishing a "civil body politic."

  • Introduced elements of democracy and self-government.

Page 12

• John Winthrop and Massachusetts Bay Colony

  • Middle-class, educated settlers.

  • Established a theocratic society known as the "Bible Commonwealth."

Page 13

• Charles I (1625-1649)

  • Conflicts with Parliament led to the Puritan Migration.

  • His reign ended with the English Civil Wars.

Page 15

• Puritan Society

  • Merging of Pilgrims and Puritans to form Massachusetts Bay Colony.

  • Established organized communities with a focus on family values and work ethic.

Page 17

• New England Characteristics

  • Good harbors, small farms, trade, and fishing.

  • Community and religious life were central.

Page 19

• Colonial Development

  • Overview of key colonies: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire.

  • Focus on religious freedom and self-governance.

Page 20

• Voting Rights in Massachusetts Bay Colony

  • Voting extended to adult Puritan men; property-owning males could vote in town meetings.

Page 22

• Social Tensions in Puritan Society

  • Conflicts with dissenters like Quakers and Anne Hutchinson.

  • Challenges to Puritan orthodoxy led to banishments.

Page 24

• Expansion of New England

  • Founding of Hartford and establishment of the Fundamental Orders.

  • New Hampshire became a royal colony.

Page 25

• Half-Way Covenant (1662)

  • Addressed declining church membership by allowing partial membership.

Page 32

• Middle Colonies Overview

  • Fertile soil, diverse population, and economic activities like manufacturing and trade.

Page 34

• New Netherland

  • Established by the Dutch, later taken by the English and renamed New York.

  • Notable for its diverse population and trade.

Page 46

• William Penn and Pennsylvania

  • Founded for Quaker religious freedom; promoted fair treatment of Native Americans.

Page 57

• Key Themes

  • Pilgrims and Puritans sought religious freedom and established organized communities.

  • The Mayflower Compact influenced democratic governance in the colonies.

Page 59

• King Philip's War (1676)

  • Conflict between Native Americans and English settlers, resulting in significant casualties for both sides.

Page 60

• Dominion of New England

  • Aimed to consolidate control over colonies; faced resistance and collapsed after the Glorious Revolution.

Page 62

• Glorious Revolution (1688)

  • Overthrew King James II, leading to increased parliamentary power and restrictions on the monarchy.

Page 63

• Charles II (1660-1685)

  • Promoted religious toleration and the establishment of new colonies during his