Unit 1 Review CIS 2024

1. Democratic Consolidation

   1. When a democracy becomes secure and unlikely to revert to authoritarianism

2. Limited Gov’t (1.1)

   1. Checks and balances

   2. separation of powers

      1. three branches

      2. federalism

3. Natural Rights (1.1)

   1. Bill of rights

   2. life liberty and property

4. Popular Sovereignty (1.1)

   1. people rule

   2. vote for representatives

5. Social Contract (1.1)

   1. Preamble

      1. establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty

6. Republic (1.1)

   1. vote for representatives

   2. filter out factions

7. Articles of Confederation (1.4)

   1. failed first government

   2. too weak, had no power

   3. states had most of the power

8. Separation of Powers (1.6)

   1. three branches

      1. legislative

      2. judicial

      3. executive

   2. checks and balances

   3. state and federal

9. Checks and Balances (1.6)

   1. legislative

      1. impeach president

      2. impeach judges

   2. judicial

      1. declare laws unconstitutional

      2. declare president unconstitutional

   3. executive

      1. veto legislation

      2. nominate judges

10. Roles of each branch (1.6)

    1. legislative

       1. make laws

    2. judicial

       1. interprets the laws

    3. Executive branch

       1. enforces the laws

11. Great Compromise (1.5)

    1. two house legislature

    2. senate has two from each state

    3. house has representatives based on population (bicameral legislature)

12. Bicameral Legislature (1.5): Differences between the House and Senate 

    1. house based on population, senate equal representation

13. ⅗ Compromise (1.5)

    1. slaves count at 3/5 towards population in southern states

14. Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists (1.3)

    1. constitution vs a of c

    2. strong vs weak central government

    3. hamilton/madison and jefferson

15. Federalist No. 10 vs. Brutus No. 1 (1.3)

    1. fed 10 for constitution

       1. representatives would solve faction problem

    2. brutus for weak government

       1. no monarchy

16. Bill of Rights

    1. Amendments 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10

       1. freedom of speech, religion, press, petition, and assembly

       2. right to bear arms

       3. quartering

       4. privacy

       5. right to remain silent, double jeopardy, due process

       6. speedy trial

       7. dollar

       8. no cruel and unusual punishments

       9. not relevant

       10. powers not given to the federal government are reserved for the states

    2. Overall Purpose

       1. compromise

       2. protect rights from federal, later state government

17. Three types of democracy with examples (1.2)

    1. pluralist - the NRA

    2. elite - electoral college

    3. participatory - referendums

18. Federalist No. 51 (1.6)

    1. checks and balances

19. SCOTUS Cases:

    1. Marbury v. Madison (1803)

       1. judicial review

    2. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) — (1.8)

       1. Necessary and proper clause

       2. Implied powers

    3. U.S. v. Lopez (1995) — (1.8)

       1. commerce clause

20. Constitution and the Preamble (1.5)

21. Declaration of Independence Intro

    1. We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed, by their Creator, with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

22. Federalism: 1.7-1.9

    1. Federal Powers

       1. declare war

       2. coining money

    2. State Powers

       1. maintain roads

       2. establish local governments

       3. licenses

    3. Concurrent Powers 

       1. tax

       2. make and enforce laws

23. Fiscal Federalism (Heimler screenshot)

    1. block grants

    2. mandates

    3. unfunded mandates

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Textbook

Chapter 1

1. Why do humans need a government?

2. Freedom vs. Order

3. Freedom vs. Equality

4. Political Ideologies and Political Theories

Chapter 2

1. Representative Democracy

2. Minority RIghts 

3. Models of Democracy

4. Interest Group

Chapter 3

1. Declaration of Independence 

2. Social Contract

3. Articles of Confederation

4. Confederation 

5. Virginia Plan vs. New Jersey Plan / Great Compromise

6. Electoral College

7. Federalism

8. Separation of Powers / Checks and Balances

9. Enumerated Powers

10. Necessary and Proper Clause

11. Implied Powers

12. Judicial Review

13. Supremacy Clause

14. Federalists Papers

15. A Concession: The Bill of Rights

16. Amendment Process

17. Freedom, Order, Equality in the Constitution

Chapter 4

18. Dual Federalism vs. Cooperative Federalism

19. Necessary and Proper Clause (Elastic Clause) — as it pertains to federalism

20. Commerce Clause

21. Fiscal Federalism

22. Coercive Federalism