130- Develop Team

Importance of Developing the Team

• Core PM process: directly affects quality of project deliverables
• Begins immediately after you acquire resources
• Goal: raise communication, skills, cohesion → high-performance team
• Poorly developed team ⇒ poor output; well-developed team ⇒ strong output

Tuckman’s Ladder (Team-Development Stages)

• 1 Forming – polite introductions; no conflict yet
• 2 Storming – disagreements on tasks/methods emerge
• 3 Norming – team negotiates & agrees on best approaches
• 4 Performing – collaborative, efficient work execution
• 5 Adjourning – project closure; members released
• Normal to experience Storming; PM must coach team through each phase

Key Tools & Techniques

• Colocation (War Room/Tight Matrix): face-to-face work in one space
• Virtual Teams: dispersed staff; watch tech, culture, time-zone issues
• Communication Technology: set approved channels (email, chat, etc.)
• Interpersonal & Team Skills: conflict mgmt, influencing, motivating, negotiating, team-building activities
• Training: ensure members get required org/technical instruction
• Meetings & Assessments: individual & overall team evaluations; coaching as needed

Motivation & Reward Theories

• Maslow’s Hierarchy: physiological → safety → social → esteem → self-actualization; member’s level affects motivation
• Herzberg: hygiene factors (pay, workspace) prevent demotivation; motivators (growth, achievement) drive performance
• McGregor:
  • Theory X – distrust, micromanagement (bad)
  • Theory Y – people are self-motivated (good)
• Theory Z (Ouchi): long-term employment, holistic well-being, strong loyalty (Japanese model)
• Expectancy Theory: effort depends on expected reward (e.g., bonus)
• McClelland’s 3 Needs: achievement, power, affiliation must exist for sustained motivation

Forms of Power (Most ↔ Least Effective)

1. Expert Power – recognized subject matter expertise
2. Reward Power – ability to grant raises, time off, promotions
3. Legitimate Power – authority from position/title
4. Referent Power – charisma, likability (insufficient alone)
5. Punishment Power – coercion through fear (worst)

Primary Output: Team Performance Assessments

• Evaluate if team is now high-performing
• Identify skill gaps, training needs, conflict areas
• Develop actions to improve individual and group performance
• Aim to reduce staff turnover and sustain productivity

PM Takeaways

• Your success = people management skill
• After mastering processes, invest time in courses/books on motivation, negotiation, conflict resolution, leadership