cpr

TERM: What’s the first thing you do when you arrive on scene?

DEFINITION: Check the scene for safety before approaching the person.

TERM: How do you check for responsiveness?

DEFINITION: Tap or squeeze the shoulder and ask, “Are you OK?”

TERM: How loud should you be when checking responsiveness?

DEFINITION: As loud as possible to alert others.

TERM: Unresponsive + not breathing — what do you do?

DEFINITION: Start CPR and call 911 immediately.

TERM: Unresponsive + breathing — what position do you use?

DEFINITION: Place them in the recovery position.

TERM: What does the recovery position look like?

DEFINITION: Top leg bent, bottom arm straight, top hand under cheek, head tilted slightly downward.

TERM: Why is the head pointed downward in recovery position?

DEFINITION: To allow fluids to drain and keep the airway clear.

TERM: If the person is responsive, what do you check?

DEFINITION: Injuries, mental state, skin color, skin temperature, skin moisture.

TERM: If a person is blue, what’s happening?

DEFINITION: They aren’t getting enough oxygen.

TERM: Signs of shock

DEFINITION: Cold, clammy skin; pale skin; confusion.

TERM: How else can you check skin tone besides the face?

DEFINITION: Inside the lip, palms, fingernail beds.

TERM: First step to control bleeding

DEFINITION: Apply direct pressure with a gloved hand and gauze.

TERM: How to check if a wound is still bleeding

DEFINITION: Look around the gauze—don’t lift your hand.

TERM: Blood soaking through gauze — what do you do?

DEFINITION: Add more gauze and increase pressure.

TERM: Bleeding controlled — what now?

DEFINITION: Wrap the wound with a roller bandage.

TERM: How to check if a bandage is too tight

DEFINITION: Look for blue/purple/cold skin; ensure 1 finger fits under the bandage.

TERM: Should you splint a broken bone?

DEFINITION: No.

TERM: Bone sticking out — do you push it back in?

DEFINITION: No.

TERM: Broken bone + bleeding — what’s most important?

DEFINITION: Stopping the bleeding.

TERM: What reduces pain and swelling?

DEFINITION: A cold pack.

TERM: What can you do while waiting for EMS for a broken bone?

DEFINITION: Calm and comfort the person; stabilize the limb.

TERM: How to stabilize a broken bone

DEFINITION: Use padding; hold above and below the injury.

TERM: Fall from height — can spine/head be injured?

DEFINITION: Yes.

TERM: Blood/fluid from nose or ears — do you stop it?

DEFINITION: No.

TERM: What’s more important: spine alignment or breathing?

DEFINITION: Breathing.

TERM: What do you do if someone is having a seizure?

DEFINITION: Leave them alone, move objects away, protect the head, don’t put anything in their mouth.

TERM: Do we still do the old head/neck stabilization technique?

DEFINITION: No.

TERM: CPR compression rate

DEFINITION: 100–120 compressions per minute (2 per second).

TERM: Hand placement for CPR + elbow position

DEFINITION: Center of the chest; elbows locked.

TERM: Adult compression depth

DEFINITION: At least 2 inches.

TERM: Child/small adult compressions

DEFINITION: Use 2 hands; compress at least 2 inches.

TERM: Infant compressions

DEFINITION: 2 thumbs/2 fingers/one hand; 1.5 inches deep (1/3 chest depth).

TERM: Compression-to-breath ratio

DEFINITION: 30 compressions to 2 breaths.

TERM: Length of each rescue breath

DEFINITION: 1 second—just enough for chest rise.

TERM: How much brain dies each minute without a heartbeat?

DEFINITION: About 10%.

TERM: Maximum pause between compressions

DEFINITION: No more than 10 seconds.

TERM: What must you do to the nose before rescue breaths?

DEFINITION: Pinch the nose.

TERM: What must you do to the chin before rescue breaths?

DEFINITION: Lift the chin.

TERM: Should you use a CPR mask/barrier device?

DEFINITION: Yes.