Different methods of birth control are available, offering various benefits and potential side effects.
Definition: Pills that usually contain estrogen and progestin.
Mechanism: Prevent ovulation and impede implantation in the uterine wall.
Functions of Hormones:
Estrogen: Controls ovulation.
Progestin: Inhibits uterine wall development.
Adverse Effects: Initial symptoms similar to pregnancy; risks of blood clots, strokes, and heart attacks are heightened, especially in smokers.
Dosage Regimen: Taken for three weeks continuously, followed by a week of placebo pills to maintain schedule.
Health Benefits: Can suppress menstrual cycles, reduce benign breast disease, lower risks of certain cancers (colorectal, endometrial, ovarian), and alleviate iron deficiencies.
Definition: Birth control that contains only progestin.
Mechanism: Less likely to suppress ovulation; primarily thickens cervical mucus to block sperm entry.
Benefits: Fewer side effects and nausea compared to combined pills.
Definition: A patch worn on the skin that releases hormones into the bloodstream.
Application Schedule: Changed weekly for three weeks, followed by a patch-free fourth week.
Risks: Increased risk of blood clots, similar to other hormonal contraceptives.
Definition: A flexible ring that releases hormones similarly to the patch and pill.
Usage: Inserted and remains effective for one month; removed and replaced monthly.
Convenience: No daily action required.
Definition: Birth control injection lasting three months (12 weeks).
Health Concerns:
Currently under scrutiny due to potential links to brain tumors (meningioma).
Women may experience delayed fertility return after stopping, taking up to 10 months for the menstrual cycle to normalize.
Possible side effects include weight gain and menstrual irregularities.
Oldest Method: Historically used for contraception and STI prevention.
Types: Polyurethane and latex condoms are effective against STIs; lambskin does not prevent STI transmission.
Usage Tips:
Store in cool places; avoid heat to prevent deterioration.
Proper usage and removal techniques are crucial to avoid breakage and spillage of semen.
Failure Rate: Approximately 13 pregnancies per 100 users in the first year due to misuse.
Definition: A barrier method that fits inside the vagina or rectum with rings at both ends.
Advantages: Can be inserted hours before intercourse; protects against HIV and STIs.
Popularity: Less common in the U.S.; can be difficult to use correctly.
Choosing the right birth control method is a personal decision based on convenience, body response, and medical advice.
Always consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and to discuss potential health risks associated with each method.