Recording-2025-02-25T14:31:49.653Z

Overview of Birth Control Methods

• Different methods of birth control are available, offering various benefits and potential side effects.

Types of Hormonal Birth Control

Combined Oral Contraceptives

• Definition: Pills that usually contain estrogen and progestin.

• Mechanism: Prevent ovulation and impede implantation in the uterine wall.

• Functions of Hormones:

  • Estrogen: Controls ovulation.

  • Progestin: Inhibits uterine wall development.

• Adverse Effects: Initial symptoms similar to pregnancy; risks of blood clots, strokes, and heart attacks are heightened, especially in smokers.

• Dosage Regimen: Taken for three weeks continuously, followed by a week of placebo pills to maintain schedule.

• Health Benefits: Can suppress menstrual cycles, reduce benign breast disease, lower risks of certain cancers (colorectal, endometrial, ovarian), and alleviate iron deficiencies.

Progestin-Only Pills (Mini Pill)

• Definition: Birth control that contains only progestin.

• Mechanism: Less likely to suppress ovulation; primarily thickens cervical mucus to block sperm entry.

• Benefits: Fewer side effects and nausea compared to combined pills.

Patch Contraceptive

• Definition: A patch worn on the skin that releases hormones into the bloodstream.

• Application Schedule: Changed weekly for three weeks, followed by a patch-free fourth week.

• Risks: Increased risk of blood clots, similar to other hormonal contraceptives.

Vaginal Ring (NuvaRing)

• Definition: A flexible ring that releases hormones similarly to the patch and pill.

• Usage: Inserted and remains effective for one month; removed and replaced monthly.

• Convenience: No daily action required.

Injectable Contraceptives

• Definition: Birth control injection lasting three months (12 weeks).

• Health Concerns:

  • Currently under scrutiny due to potential links to brain tumors (meningioma).

  • Women may experience delayed fertility return after stopping, taking up to 10 months for the menstrual cycle to normalize.

  • Possible side effects include weight gain and menstrual irregularities.

Barrier Methods

Male Condoms

• Oldest Method: Historically used for contraception and STI prevention.

• Types: Polyurethane and latex condoms are effective against STIs; lambskin does not prevent STI transmission.

• Usage Tips:

  • Store in cool places; avoid heat to prevent deterioration.

  • Proper usage and removal techniques are crucial to avoid breakage and spillage of semen.

• Failure Rate: Approximately 13 pregnancies per 100 users in the first year due to misuse.

Female Condoms

• Definition: A barrier method that fits inside the vagina or rectum with rings at both ends.

• Advantages: Can be inserted hours before intercourse; protects against HIV and STIs.

• Popularity: Less common in the U.S.; can be difficult to use correctly.

Additional Considerations

• Choosing the right birth control method is a personal decision based on convenience, body response, and medical advice.

• Always consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and to discuss potential health risks associated with each method.