Pulmonary Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

PULMONARY SYSTEM

• Ventilation: The process of moving air in and out of the lungs.

• Pulmonary Ventilation: Breathing.

• Alveolar Ventilation: Gas exchange.

THE LUNGS

• Trachea

• Bronchi

• Lobes:

  • Right lung: 3 lobes

  • Left lung: 2 lobes

• Alveoli

LUNG TISSUE

• Epithelial: Lines the airways and alveoli.

• Connective Tissue: Provides support for the lungs and bronchi.

• Smooth Muscle: Found in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles.

• Alveoli: Small sacs where gas exchange takes place.

ALVEOLI

• Thin-walled blood vessels deliver oxygen and carbon dioxide to the alveoli for exchange.

PULMONARY VASCULATURE

• Diagram showing the flow of blood between the heart and lungs.

• Includes pulmonary veins and pulmonary arteries.

NERVOUS SYSTEM CONTROL

• Autonomic Nervous System

• Receptors in bronchial smooth muscle.

• Parasympathetic signals: Slow down breathing and narrow bronchial tubes while widening vessels.

RECEPTORS

• Chemoreceptors:

  • Located in the medulla, carotid bodies, and aorta.

  • Detect gas concentrations in the blood.

• Mechanoreceptors:

  • Located in the lungs and airway smooth muscle.

• Beta 2 receptors