Civics U2

Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier

• 1st Amendment

• Freedom of speech and press 

• Schools can restrict printed materials to protect the student body 

Tinker v. Des Moines

• 1st Amendment

• Freedom of speech

• Speech can be nonverbal

•  Students have the right to appropriately express themselves 

Engel v. Vitale

• 1st Amendment

• Freedom of religion 

• Public schools cannot force students to pray (goes against the Establishment Clause)

Texas v. Johnson

• 1st Amendment

• Freedom of speech and assembly 

• Flag burning is an accepted form of protest 

Schenck v. US 

• 1st Amendment

• Freedom of speech 

• “Clear and present danger” speech is not protected 

Bethel v. Fraser

• 1st Amendment

• Freedom of speech

• Schools have a priority to protect the student body from lewd, suggestive language

Mapp v. Ohio

• 4th Amendment

• Right to Privacy 

• Exclusionary Rule- without probable cause, exigent circumstances, evidence in plain view, and/or a warrant, police cannot search 

• Evidence seized during a bad search is excluded 

TLO v. New Jersey

• 4th Amendment

• Right to Privacy 

• Students have very little right to privacy in schools because the goal of the school is safety

• Schools do not need a probable cause or a warrant to search

• Only need reasonable suspicion 

Korematsu v. US

• 5th Amendment

• Discrimination against American citizens

• Japanese Internment 

• United States allowed to act in extreme measures to protect the majority 

Miranda v. Arizona

• 6th Amendment

• Denied due process

• Must understand your rights as someone accused of a crime 

• “Miranda Warning”

Gideon v. Wainwright

• 6th Amendment

• Denied due process and the right to a fair trial 

• Guaranteed the right to counsel, even if you cannot afford an attorney 

Dobbs v. Jackson 

• 14th Amendment

• Abortion 

• Overturned precedent set by Roe v. Wade

• Returned abortion rights to the States

Brown v. Board 

• 14th Amendment

• Due Process 

• Overturned “separate, but equal”

• Integrate school systems  

Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard

• 14th Amendment 

• Affirmative Action for college admissions

• Overturned Regents v. Bakke