Socialism
Birth of Socialism
Mixed economic system - combining govt. involvement and economic freedom.
Emerged from Robert Owen
Factory owner during indus rev. Saw the negatives of it
Believed in a profit even within paying a fair wage, maximum hours, safe working conditions, outlaw child labour.
Put into practice in town called New Lanark - apartments, grocery stores, schools, controlled rent. Worked. Factories were still profitable.
Tried it in US - New Harmony - failed.
Key Ideas
Classical liberalism
Privatization of schools and hospitals
Competition
Socialism
Nationalization of key industries
Social programs
Cooperation & Universality.
Similarities
Profit motive, private enterprise, & private property.
No one should be denied basic services due to a lack of income. Ppl should have access regardless of income.
Goal of Socialism is to redistribute the wealth - close the economic inequality. Govt responsibility is to close the gap.
Clas cons and libs see economic inequality as good.
Canada
Socialist country/welfare state.
Clas libs elements - private property & profit motive.
Elements of govt. control seen in social programs and tax system.
Goal of redistributing the wealth.
Wealthy pay most taxes and get fewest benefits.
Low income earners get least taxes and most benefits.
Wealthy ppl prefer systems like the US because they would have certain advantages.
Social Programs
Healthcare in Canada - physical checkup once annually, emergency room.
Specialized healthcare, dentistry, prescriptions, are not covered.
K-12 education is covered. Post secondary, after school is not covered. Retirement for teachers is 65.
Canadians pay tax to cover costs.
Pay for social programs and redistribute wealth.
Consumption Tax - GST, 5%
General revenues, military, CBC, Canada Post, govt salaries, etc.
Alberta doesn't have a PST, as it makes royalties off oil.
Property Tax - paid once a year to city based on % value of their house
Local - snow removal, libraries, garbage, 911, teachers salaries.
Income tax - based on % of total income a person makes in previous year
Progressive - more wealth pay more and a higher % of total cost.
Income tax - neocons, supply siders HATE progressive income tax.
Discourages hard work and making more money.
Argue for a flat tax regardless of income, pay the same %. Wealthy pay less, low income pay more, but It is not offset.
Cuts to social programs still necessary.
AB tried flat tax but lost lots of money, lasted only 3 yrs. Federally always progressive tax.
Businesses use tax loopholes like business write offs as expenses.
Sweden
Clearer example of socialist welfare state.
Also contain capitalist aspects - private property, profit motive, private business.
Govt involvement is stronger than in Canada - indicative planning
Govt. of Sweden gives predictions/suggestions on direction of economy for companies to use if they want.
Social programs - extensive, in place to be able to help someone from cradle to grave.
Highest tax bracket is over 50% - tax evasion rampant, as high income earners hide money to avoid taxes.