march 13 quiz

Here’s a set of 100+ fill-in-the-blank flashcards based on the content from Lecture 9 - Single-Subject Research & Presenting Your Research and Lecture 10 - Open Science and Inclusivity. These flashcards are designed to be challenging and focus on key concepts, definitions, and details from the lectures

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### Lecture 9: Single-Subject Research & Presenting Your Research

1. Single-subject research is __________ in nature, but typically involves 2-10 participants.

- Answer: quantitative

2. In single-subject research, the __________ phase involves detailed measurements of behavior before any intervention.

- Answer: baseline

3. The __________ design involves a baseline (A), treatment (B), and a return to baseline (A).

- Answer: ABA

4. In single-subject research, the __________ strategy involves waiting until the variability in the data settles down.

- Answer: steady state

5. A __________ design is used when it is unethical to remove treatment or when the treatment has lasting effects.

- Answer: multiple-baseline

6. In a multiple-baseline design, treatment is introduced at __________ times for different participants.

- Answer: different

7. The __________ design involves alternating between two or more treatments rapidly.

- Answer: alternating treatments

8. Single-subject research is often associated with __________ research, but it is not limited to this field.

- Answer: behavioral

9. The __________ is a common measure used in single-subject research to assess the percentage of non-overlapping data.

- Answer: PND (Percent of Non-overlapping Data)

10. Single-subject researchers often rely on __________ to analyze data rather than inferential statistics.

- Answer: visual inspection

11. The __________ debate involves disagreements between group researchers and single-subject researchers about data analysis.

- Answer: external validity

12. Single-subject research is criticized for having weak __________, but it is praised for its high __________.

- Answer: external validity, internal validity

13. The __________ design is used to compare the effects of multiple treatments on the same subject.

- Answer: multiple-treatment reversal

14. In single-subject research, the __________ phase involves removing the treatment to see if the behavior returns to baseline.

- Answer: reversal

15. The __________ design is used when there are multiple behaviors, settings, or participants to study.

- Answer: multiple-baseline

16. The __________ is a key assumption of single-subject research, where researchers manipulate variables to establish cause and effect.

- Answer: causal relationship

17. Single-subject research is often used in fields like __________, __________, and __________.

- Answer: developmental disability, education, organizational psychology

18. The __________ is a common criticism of single-subject research, as it is difficult to generalize findings to larger populations.

- Answer: small sample size

19. The __________ is a measure used in single-subject research to assess the latency of effects.

- Answer: trend

20. The __________ is a key feature of single-subject research, where researchers focus on observing change in individuals.

- Answer: intensive focus

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### Lecture 10: Open Science and Inclusivity

21. The __________ crisis refers to the inability to replicate many scientific findings.

- Answer: replicability

22. The Open Science Collaboration found that only __________% of psychology studies could be replicated.

- Answer: 36

23. __________ is a practice where researchers publicly share their hypotheses and data analysis plans before conducting a study.

- Answer: Preregistration

24. The __________ journal found that 62% of studies could be replicated in their replication project.

- Answer: Nature Human Behavior

25. __________ is a key practice in open science, where researchers share their data for others to verify.

- Answer: Data sharing

26. The __________ project replicated 28 psychology studies and found that 54% could be replicated.

- Answer: ManyLabs 2

27. Western science is built on __________, which emphasizes individual freedom and meritocracy.

- Answer: neoliberal individualism

28. __________ is a term used to describe the unpaid or undervalued work often done by women and minorities in academia.

- Answer: Care work

29. The __________ focus in science often excludes marginalized groups and assumes that white, male experiences are the norm.

- Answer: identity-neutral

30. The __________ approach in science focuses on addressing multiple forms of inequality simultaneously.

- Answer: intersectional

31. The __________ crisis has led to calls for more transparency and reproducibility in scientific research.

- Answer: replicability

32. __________ is a practice where journals review studies based on their methodology rather than their results.

- Answer: Results-free review

33. The __________ article by Ledgerwood et al. (2022) critiques the inequalities in Western science.

- Answer: opinion/review

34. The __________ system in science often rewards work that upholds the status quo, such as publishing in top-tier journals.

- Answer: incentive

35. The __________ approach in science focuses on addressing inequalities related to gender, race, and disability simultaneously.

- Answer: intersectional

36. The __________ project found that only 36% of psychology studies could be replicated.

- Answer: Open Science Collaboration

37. The __________ crisis has led to increased calls for data sharing and open access to research.

- Answer: replicability

38. The __________ approach in science focuses on addressing inequalities related to gender, race, and disability simultaneously.

- Answer: intersectional

39. The __________ project found that only 36% of psychology studies could be replicated.

- Answer: Open Science Collaboration

40. The __________ crisis has led to increased calls for data sharing and open access to research.

- Answer: replicability

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### Multiple Baseline Example (PECS Study)

41. The PECS study used a __________ design to evaluate the effects of the intervention.

- Answer: multiple-baseline

42. The PECS system is an __________ communication system used with children with autism.

- Answer: augmentative

43. The PECS study found that all three children showed increases in __________ speech after training.

- Answer: spontaneous

44. The PECS study measured __________ behaviors, such as joint attention and eye contact.

- Answer: social-communicative

45. The PECS study found that problem behaviors __________ after PECS training.

- Answer: decreased

46. The PECS system uses __________ to teach children to communicate using pictures.

- Answer: behavioral principles

47. The PECS study found that the children’s mean length of utterance (MLU) __________ after training.

- Answer: increased

48. The PECS study used a __________ assessment to identify preferred items for reinforcement.

- Answer: stimulus preference

49. The PECS study found that the children’s ability to __________ increased after training.

- Answer: initiate communication

50. The PECS study used __________ to measure the effects of the intervention on problem behaviors.

- Answer: frequency counts

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### APA Style and Research Presentation

51. The __________ is a short summary of a research paper, typically no more than 250 words.

- Answer: abstract

52. The __________ section of an APA paper includes the research question and hypothesis.

- Answer: introduction

53. The __________ section of an APA paper describes how the study was conducted.

- Answer: method

54. The __________ section of an APA paper presents the findings of the study.

- Answer: results

55. The __________ section of an APA paper interprets the findings and discusses their implications.

- Answer: discussion

56. In APA style, references are listed in __________ order.

- Answer: alphabetical

57. In APA style, the title of the paper should be in __________ case.

- Answer: sentence

58. In APA style, the __________ page includes the title, author’s name, and institutional affiliation.

- Answer: title

59. In APA style, the __________ section includes all the sources cited in the paper.

- Answer: references

60. In APA style, the __________ is used to format citations within the text.

- Answer: author-date system

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This is just a sample of the flashcards. Let me know if you’d like more or if you need adjustments!