1	Computer	A machine or devices that processes data, performs calculation and conduct operations based on the algorithm provided by software and hardware programs
2	Embedded computer	A combination of hardware and software designed to perform a specific task and incorporated into an electronic or mechanical system
3	Personal Computer	A general purposes computer designed for individual use
4	Moore’s law	The number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit doubles every two years
5	Mainframe	A large computer used by business to host databases, servers used for transactions and business applications
6	Server	A large computer dedicated to managing network resources
7	Central processing unit (CPU)	The part of a computer that carries out and control the computer’s instructions
8	Motherboard	A circuit board that allows data to travel to the different components in a computer
9	Cache	The small amount of memory built into the CPU that stores data while it is being processed
10	RAM (Random Access Memory)	Short-term memory where data is stored temporarily while it is being processed or viewed on screen
11	Secondary storage	Non-volatile, long-term memory, used to store programs and data until they are required
12	Graphic Processing Unit (GPU)	Display for the interface
13	Power supply	Convert electrical current from alternative current (AC) to direct current (DC) as to provide energy
14	Input devices	Any information or data sent to the computer
15	Output devices	Received data from the process of input to be shown
16	Sensors	Used to record data from the environment
17	Operating system	Software that manages the hardware, software and memory of a computer as well as providing user interface
18	User interface - GUI - Haptic - CLI	Allows user to interact with a digital technology
19	Utility software	Software designed to perform specific useful task which help to analyse, configure or maintain the computer (‘kebajikan kom’)
20	Application software	Software that serves a specific purpose, such as word processor or video editor
21	Malicious software (malware)	Software designed to steal data or damage computers/IT systems
22	Open-source software	Free to charge and free of copyright, allowing the source of code to be modified, often by an open-source community
23	Proprietary software	Downloaded after paying for a license or subscription and also copyrighted which denies users access to the source code and restricts the sharing of the software
24	Machine code	Written in binary (0 & 1) or hexadecimal instructions that the computer can respond to it directly
25	Assembly language	Used by programmers to write code for special hardware or so that a task can be performed very quickly
26	High-level language	Written in language which closer to human language
27	Compiler	Translate a programming language’s source code into machine code, bytecode, or another programming language (eg: Java)
28	Interpreter	Translate some like compiler but implemented line-by-line (eg: Python)
29	Quantum computing	The technology that uses quantum mechanics to create powerful quantum hardware which can solve complex problems faster than existing supercomputers

DGS 3.3- Computing Devices