Market Revolution, Louisiana Purchase, War of 1812, and Foreign Policy
Change in commerce and economics
Become more industrial
Increased in manufacturing
Increased in trade market expansion
Increased in commercial production
But overall still largely a rural agricultural nation
Raw materials moving east
Final good moving west
Trading north and south on the Mississippi and by the Atlantic
More transportation and communication
Canals, roads, steamboats
Issues: knitting the regions together into an integrated economic system, transportation, access to capital, infant industries, desire to be more self-sufficient, what is the role of the national gov vs state?
North West:
Rich farming land and favorable access to transportation
Large scale agriculture (mechanized)
corn/wheat
Less labor-intensive
John Dear invented the plow
Cyrus McCormick invented the reaper
Dairy
Resources like iron ore and lumber
North East:
Increase in manufacturing
Factory system
Textiles
machines/tools
Wage labor
Population increase
More towns/cities
Immigration increase from Ireland, Germany, Scandinavia
Frances Cabot Lowell created the first factory system and town company
Lowell Mill Girls
Samuel Slater invented water powered sewing mills
South East:
Small and large scale agriculture
Relies on slave labor
South West:
Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin
Cotton Kingdom makes for an increase in slave labor
Nature of economic system developing in the North:
Industry based economy
Trade and manufacturing as the North had large centers for trade and small scale agriculture
Aimed to support businesses and grow the economy by getting rid of debt
Nature of economic system developing in the South:
Agricultural based economy
Southern states relied on their large scale agriculture to bring them money
Populated by farmers and plantation owners
Northern Economy:
Strengths:
Experiencing the beginning of a manufacturing revolution
Producing manufactured goods (mass production)
Samuel Slater - 1st mechanized textile factory in RI
Francis Cabot Lowell - weaving factory in MA
New methods of transportation (canals, roads) which brought goods to and from north
Old Northwest developed mechanized farming practices
Cyrus McCormick - reaper
John Deere - steel plow
A new national currency that enables the north to trade with the south and west
Weaknesses:
Poor soil
Low crop production
Little livestock in the East
Southern Economy:
Strengths:
Good and rich soil for plantation farming
Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin increased demand for slavery increased productivity
Use of the Mississippi River for transportation of goods between north and south economies
Weaknesses:
Little development for manufactured goods
Heavy intense labor needed to run the plantations smoothly in the south
Dubbed the land
Gave access to the Mississippi River (transportation)
Gave access to natural resources/diversity in raw materials
Favorable land laws lead to an increase in access to that land
Expansion in geography and demographics west
Settled boundaries in the north with Britain
More stable/secure trade expansion
Increased territorial integrity
Increased feelings of nationalism
Increased self-sufficiency
Foreign Policy:
A country’s actions, words, and beliefs towards other countries
Goals:
Protect America/Americans
Support economic growth and human rights around the world
Increase support for American values like democracy/freedom
The president usually initiates foreign policies and Congress follows up
Foreign Aid:
The help or acceptance that we give to other countries usually through our Department of State
Goals:
Create friendship abroad
Foster future trading partners
Military:
Country’s troops led by president aka Commander in Chief
Goals:
Prevent war
Protect the US
Department of Defense:
Army
Navy
Air force
Marines
Treaties:
Formal agreement between countries that must be followed like laws
President is responsible for negotiation and signing treaties
All treaties must be approved by ⅔ of the Senate
Ⅱ. What is the Constitutional basis for our nation’s role in world affairs?
Ⅲ. Who are the key participants in designing the nationa’s role in international affairs?
President:
Foreign aid - makes recommendations on and signs or vetos bills into laws
Military - as commander in chief can send troops around the world
Treaties - negotiates and signs treaties
Congress:
Foreign aid - writes and passes bills
Military - declares war
Treaties - ⅔ of the Senate must approve
Executive Branch:
Negotiate a treaty with another country
Send someone to a foreign country to talk
Decided that the US should send aid to a country after an earthquake
Pass a bill authorizing the money to be sent to that country
Decided not to participate in a conference with other countries
Legislative Branch:
Approve treaties once it’s been negotiated
Refuse to pass a bill to send aid to a country in need
Declare war on a country
Judicial Branch:
Decide that the treaty is unconstitutional
Change in commerce and economics
Become more industrial
Increased in manufacturing
Increased in trade market expansion
Increased in commercial production
But overall still largely a rural agricultural nation
Raw materials moving east
Final good moving west
Trading north and south on the Mississippi and by the Atlantic
More transportation and communication
Canals, roads, steamboats
Issues: knitting the regions together into an integrated economic system, transportation, access to capital, infant industries, desire to be more self-sufficient, what is the role of the national gov vs state?
North West:
Rich farming land and favorable access to transportation
Large scale agriculture (mechanized)
corn/wheat
Less labor-intensive
John Dear invented the plow
Cyrus McCormick invented the reaper
Dairy
Resources like iron ore and lumber
North East:
Increase in manufacturing
Factory system
Textiles
machines/tools
Wage labor
Population increase
More towns/cities
Immigration increase from Ireland, Germany, Scandinavia
Frances Cabot Lowell created the first factory system and town company
Lowell Mill Girls
Samuel Slater invented water powered sewing mills
South East:
Small and large scale agriculture
Relies on slave labor
South West:
Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin
Cotton Kingdom makes for an increase in slave labor
Nature of economic system developing in the North:
Industry based economy
Trade and manufacturing as the North had large centers for trade and small scale agriculture
Aimed to support businesses and grow the economy by getting rid of debt
Nature of economic system developing in the South:
Agricultural based economy
Southern states relied on their large scale agriculture to bring them money
Populated by farmers and plantation owners
Northern Economy:
Strengths:
Experiencing the beginning of a manufacturing revolution
Producing manufactured goods (mass production)
Samuel Slater - 1st mechanized textile factory in RI
Francis Cabot Lowell - weaving factory in MA
New methods of transportation (canals, roads) which brought goods to and from north
Old Northwest developed mechanized farming practices
Cyrus McCormick - reaper
John Deere - steel plow
A new national currency that enables the north to trade with the south and west
Weaknesses:
Poor soil
Low crop production
Little livestock in the East
Southern Economy:
Strengths:
Good and rich soil for plantation farming
Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin increased demand for slavery increased productivity
Use of the Mississippi River for transportation of goods between north and south economies
Weaknesses:
Little development for manufactured goods
Heavy intense labor needed to run the plantations smoothly in the south
Dubbed the land
Gave access to the Mississippi River (transportation)
Gave access to natural resources/diversity in raw materials
Favorable land laws lead to an increase in access to that land
Expansion in geography and demographics west
Settled boundaries in the north with Britain
More stable/secure trade expansion
Increased territorial integrity
Increased feelings of nationalism
Increased self-sufficiency
Foreign Policy:
A country’s actions, words, and beliefs towards other countries
Goals:
Protect America/Americans
Support economic growth and human rights around the world
Increase support for American values like democracy/freedom
The president usually initiates foreign policies and Congress follows up
Foreign Aid:
The help or acceptance that we give to other countries usually through our Department of State
Goals:
Create friendship abroad
Foster future trading partners
Military:
Country’s troops led by president aka Commander in Chief
Goals:
Prevent war
Protect the US
Department of Defense:
Army
Navy
Air force
Marines
Treaties:
Formal agreement between countries that must be followed like laws
President is responsible for negotiation and signing treaties
All treaties must be approved by ⅔ of the Senate
Ⅱ. What is the Constitutional basis for our nation’s role in world affairs?
Ⅲ. Who are the key participants in designing the nationa’s role in international affairs?
President:
Foreign aid - makes recommendations on and signs or vetos bills into laws
Military - as commander in chief can send troops around the world
Treaties - negotiates and signs treaties
Congress:
Foreign aid - writes and passes bills
Military - declares war
Treaties - ⅔ of the Senate must approve
Executive Branch:
Negotiate a treaty with another country
Send someone to a foreign country to talk
Decided that the US should send aid to a country after an earthquake
Pass a bill authorizing the money to be sent to that country
Decided not to participate in a conference with other countries
Legislative Branch:
Approve treaties once it’s been negotiated
Refuse to pass a bill to send aid to a country in need
Declare war on a country
Judicial Branch:
Decide that the treaty is unconstitutional