Physics 1

Basic Physics Concepts

Inertia

• Definition: The resistance of an object to changes in its state of motion.

Volume Formulas

• Cube: Volume equals the side length cubed.

• Cylinder: Volume equals pi times the square of the radius times the height.

• Sphere: Volume equals four-thirds times pi times the cube of the radius.

Density Formula

• Density equals mass divided by volume.

Mass Formula

• Mass equals density multiplied by volume.

Volume

• Definition: The amount of space occupied by a substance.

• Unit: Cubic meters or liters.

Density

• Definition: The mass per unit volume of a substance.

• Unit: Kilograms per cubic meter or grams per cubic centimeter.

Properties of Matter

• Liquids and gases are defined by their occupied volume.

• Mass: The amount of matter in an object.

• All living and non-living things contain matter.

Physical Properties

• Visible and measurable characteristics such as color, shape, texture, and boiling point.

Chemical Properties

• Related to the chemical composition of a material, such as reactivity and flammability.

States of Matter

• Solid: Fixed volume and fixed shape.

• Liquid: Fixed volume but shape is not fixed.

• Gas: Neither volume nor shape is fixed.

Density of Air and Water

• Density of air is approximately one point two two five kilograms per cubic meter at sea level and fifteen degrees Celsius.

• Density of water is one thousand kilograms per cubic meter or one gram per cubic centimeter.

Motion and Mechanics

Distance

• Definition: The total length between two points.

Displacement

• Definition: The shortest direct path between two points.

Speed

• Definition: The rate of change of position.

• Formula: Speed equals distance divided by time.

• Unit: Meters per second.

Velocity

• Definition: The rate of change of displacement with direction.

• Formula: Velocity equals displacement divided by time.

• Unit: Meters per second.

Types of Speed

• Uniform Speed: Equal distance covered in equal intervals of time.

• Non-Uniform Speed: Unequal distances covered in equal intervals of time.

Acceleration

• Definition: The rate of change of velocity.

• Formula: Acceleration equals the change in velocity divided by time.

• Unit: Meters per second squared.

• Positive acceleration: Velocity increases over time.

• Negative acceleration (deceleration): Velocity decreases over time.

Average Speed

• Formula: Average speed equals total distance divided by total time.

Equations of Motion

1. Final Velocity: Final velocity equals initial velocity plus acceleration times time.

2. Distance Traveled: Distance equals initial velocity times time plus one-half times acceleration times the square of time.

3. Velocity Squared: The square of final velocity equals the square of initial velocity plus two times acceleration times distance.

Where:

• Final velocity refers to the object's speed at the end of motion.

• Initial velocity refers to the object's speed at the start of motion.

• Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.

• Time interval is the duration over which motion occurs.

• Distance traveled is the total displacement over time.

Networking Study Guide (Modules 1 & 2)