SS

3RD Q MUSIC 8 copy 2

Music of South Asia & Middle East

  • Presented by: Elaizah Marie A. Roxas, Quezon Science High School

Instrumental Music Exploration

Notable Ensembles

  • Music of India Ensemble: Source: UCLA Herb Alpert School of Music

  • Israeli Ethnic Ensemble: Source: Arts Midfest World Fest

  • Sachal Jazz Ensemble of Pakistan: Source: www.thenews.com.pk

Activity Directions

Classification Task

  • Draw lines connecting instruments to their respective classifications.

  • Aim to create connections through engagement.

Instrument Classifications

Types of Instruments

  1. Aerophone - Instruments producing sound primarily by vibrating air.

  2. Chordophone - Instruments producing sound by vibrating strings.

  3. Idiophone - Instruments producing sound through struck materials.

  4. Membranophone - Instruments producing sound through vibrating membranes.

Instruments from India

Overview

  • Indian music is primarily improvised and often performed by small groups.

Instrumental Classification in India

  • Aerophones:

    • Shankh

    • Bansuri

  • Chordophones:

    • Sitar

    • Shehnai

  • Idiophones:

    • Manjira

    • Khartal

  • Membranophones:

    • Tabla

    • Dhol

Instruments from Pakistan

  • Pakistan’s cultural heritage includes unique musical instruments characterized by distinct pitches and tones.

Instrumental Classification in Pakistan

  • Aerophones:

    • Rubab

  • Chordophones:

    • Tanpura

  • Idiophones:

    • Alghoza

  • Membranophones:

    • Dholak

    • Tabla

Instruments from Israel

Instrumental Overview

  • Instruments include the Oud, Goblet drum, and more, used as accompaniment in traditional music.

Instrumental Classification in Israel

  • Aerophones:

    • Shofar

  • Chordophones:

    • Oud

    • Psaltery

  • Idiophones:

    • Timbrel

Musical Structures in South Asia

Taal in Indian Music

  • Definition: Regular repeating rhythmic phrases in percussion instruments.

  • Chautal: A 12-beat rhythmic pattern, commonly maintained at a medium tempo.

  • Key Terms:

    • Tali: Pattern of clapping.

    • Khali: Wave of hands.

    • Vibhag: Measures or sections of beats.

    • Matra: Individual beats.

    • Bol: Mnemonic system for drum strokes.

Traditional Instruments in India

Instrument Examples

  1. Sitar: Plucked string instrument with many strings and sympathetic resonance.

  2. Tabla: Pair of hand-played drums with contrasting sizes.

  3. Ghatam: Clay pot instrument producing ringing sounds.

  4. Mridangam: Double-ended drum central to Carnatic music rhythms.

Vedic Chanting in India

Historical Context

  • The Vedas are sacred texts that influence Indian philosophy and ritual.

  • Recitation is methodical, maintaining precise tonal qualities.

Conclusion

Cultural Importance

  • Emphasis on musical instruments is notable in genres such as Bhangra from Punjab.

  • The interaction between musical traditions highlights the diversity of South Asian and Middle Eastern music.