Presented by Munetsi Tagwireyi and Ailbhe King, Assistant Professors in Large Animal and Production Animal Medicine.
Understand the impact of infectious diseases on reproductive performance and productivity in swine.
Review the presentation, clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment of specific diseases:
PRRSV (Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus)
Leptospirosis
Parvovirus
Brucellosis
Rectal prolapse and stricture
Vaginal prolapse
Porcine Stress Syndrome (PSS)/Malignant Hyperthermia
Mycoplasma hyosynoviae
A variety of ailments observed in swine that impact health include:
Skin issues (abrasions, abscesses, and mange)
Gastrointestinal problems (constipation, diarrhea, gastric ulcers)
Respiratory diseases (pneumonia, mycoplasma infections)
Reproductive issues (mastitis, agalactia)
Neurological conditions (meningitis, ataxia)
Infectious diseases (swine fever, leptospirosis, enteroviruses)
Infectious virus characterized as an enveloped RNA arterivirus, specifically affecting pigs.
Has a high affinity for pig macrophages leading to significant immune suppression.
Late-term abortions, stillbirths, mummies, and weak piglets.
Respiratory disease evident across all ages, particularly in sows and gilts with signs of fever and coughing.
Similar reproductive issues with increased mortality rates in piglets.
Exposure of gilts to older sows prior to breeding.
Use of PRRS-free semen and vaccination strategies, with modified-live vaccines reducing fetal losses but not for pregnant sows.
Multiple serovars of Leptospira species, showing preference for kidneys and genital tract.
Enters through mucous membranes, leads to systemic leptospiremia impacting vital organs and causing capillary damage.
Often mild in mature swine; severe in young piglets (hemolytic anemia, jaundice).
Diagnosis through serology and microscopic methods. Prevention via environment management, vaccination, and antibiotic treatment.
Causes reproductive failures in naïve dams, leading to mummified fetuses and decreased litter sizes.
Highly prevalent with possible transmission via secretions and transplacental infection.
Affects fetuses between 35-70 days of gestation; diagnosis via identification of PPV antigen.
Primarily vaccination strategies to prevent infection.
Brucella suis, primarily prevented through herd management.
Abortion during any stage of gestation, often without visible illness in sows.
Typically involves depopulation of infected herds and limiting contact with feral swine.
Due to conditions like tenesmus, dysuria, and chronic coughing.
Involves cleaning, replacing, and using a purse-string suture pattern for fixation.
Genetic predisposition related to calcium channel mutation causing uncontrolled calcium release leading to severe stress reactions.
Includes muscle necrosis, pale soft exudative pork, and acute death due to stress or transportation.
Proper housing, handling, and monitoring practices to reduce stress.
Regular assessments of conditions in swine for signs of several infectious diseases, focusing on respective symptoms, and recommending appropriate treatment steps.