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Period 9 Brainy History

APUSH Chapter 38: Challenges to the Post-War Order (American Pageant) 1973 - 1989

Introduction

  • The period from 1973 to 1989 was marked by significant challenges to the post-war order in the United States.
  • The Vietnam War, Watergate scandal, and economic recession were some of the major events that shaped this period.

The Vietnam War

  • The Vietnam War was a major challenge to the post-war order in the United States.
  • The war was highly controversial and led to widespread protests and social unrest.
  • The anti-war movement played a significant role in ending the war and shaping public opinion.

Watergate Scandal

  • The Watergate scandal was a political scandal that occurred during the presidency of Richard Nixon.
  • The scandal involved the illegal activities of the Nixon administration, including the break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters.
  • The scandal led to Nixon's resignation and a loss of public trust in the government.

Economic Recession

  • The 1970s were marked by a period of economic recession in the United States.
  • The recession was caused by a combination of factors, including high inflation, rising oil prices, and a decline in manufacturing.
  • The recession led to high unemployment rates and a decline in the standard of living for many Americans.

Conclusion

  • The period from 1973 to 1989 was marked by significant challenges to the post-war order in the United States.
  • The Vietnam War, Watergate scandal, and economic recession were some of the major events that shaped this period and had a lasting impact on American society and politics.

APUSH Chapter 39: The Resurgence of Conservatism 1980 - 1992

The Reagan Revolution

  • Ronald Reagan was elected president in 1980, ushering in a conservative era
  • Reaganomics: a supply-side economic theory that advocated for tax cuts, deregulation, and reduced government spending
  • Reagan's foreign policy focused on defeating communism and promoting democracy
  • Reagan increased military spending, leading to a buildup of nuclear weapons and an arms race with the Soviet Union

The Culture Wars

  • Conservatives and liberals clashed over social issues such as abortion, gay rights, and affirmative action
  • The Moral Majority, led by Jerry Falwell, was a conservative Christian organization that advocated for traditional values
  • The Supreme Court's decision in Roe v. Wade (1973) legalized abortion, leading to a pro-life movement
  • The AIDS epidemic sparked controversy and discrimination against the LGBTQ+ community

The End of the Cold War

  • Reagan's policies contributed to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War
  • The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 symbolized the end of communist rule in Eastern Europe
  • The Persian Gulf War in 1991 demonstrated the United States' military dominance

The 1992 Election

  • Bill Clinton, a Democrat, was elected president in 1992, ending the conservative era
  • Clinton's presidency was marked by economic growth, but also scandals and impeachment proceedings

Conclusion

  • The resurgence of conservatism in the 1980s had a lasting impact on American politics and society
  • The culture wars and foreign policy decisions of the Reagan era continue to shape political discourse today.

APUSH Chapter 40: America Confronts the Post Cold War Era 1992 - 2000

Introduction

  • The end of the Cold War brought new challenges for America.
  • The US faced economic, social, and political changes during the 1990s.
  • The chapter covers the Clinton presidency, the rise of the internet, and the Gulf War.

The Clinton Presidency

  • Bill Clinton was elected in 1992, defeating incumbent George H.W. Bush.
  • Clinton's presidency was marked by economic growth, but also scandals such as the Whitewater controversy and the Monica Lewinsky scandal.
  • Clinton's policies included the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the Family and Medical Leave Act.

The Rise of the Internet

  • The 1990s saw the rise of the internet, which transformed communication and commerce.
  • Companies such as Amazon and Google were founded during this time.
  • The internet also brought new challenges, such as concerns about privacy and the spread of misinformation.

The Gulf War

  • In 1990, Iraq invaded Kuwait, leading to the Gulf War.
  • The US led a coalition of countries in a military campaign to liberate Kuwait.
  • The war was successful, but it also had long-term consequences, including the rise of Al-Qaeda and the 9/11 attacks.

Conclusion

  • The 1990s were a time of change and challenges for America.
  • The Clinton presidency, the rise of the internet, and the Gulf War were all significant events during this time.
  • These events continue to shape American society and politics today.

APUSH Chapter 41: The American People Face a New Century 2001 - 2014

The 9/11 Terrorist Attacks

  • On September 11, 2001, terrorists hijacked four planes and crashed them into the World Trade Center, the Pentagon, and a field in Pennsylvania.
  • The attacks led to a war on terror and the creation of the Department of Homeland Security.

The War on Terror

  • President George W. Bush launched the war on terror, which included the invasion of Afghanistan and Iraq.
  • The war on terror led to controversy over the use of torture and the erosion of civil liberties.

The Great Recession

  • The Great Recession was a global economic downturn that began in 2008.
  • It was caused by the collapse of the housing market and the failure of major financial institutions.
  • The government responded with a stimulus package and bailouts for banks and auto companies.

Barack Obama

  • Barack Obama was the first African American president of the United States.
  • His presidency was marked by the passage of the Affordable Care Act and the legalization of same-sex marriage.
  • He also faced criticism over his handling of foreign policy and immigration.

Social and Cultural Changes

  • The 21st century saw significant social and cultural changes, including the rise of social media and the #MeToo movement.
  • The legalization of marijuana and the increasing acceptance of LGBTQ+ rights were also major developments.

Conclusion

  • The 21st century has been marked by significant political, economic, and social changes.
  • The events of 9/11 and the war on terror have had a lasting impact on American foreign policy and civil liberties.
  • The Great Recession and the election of Barack Obama also had significant implications for the economy and social justice.