AIR POLLUTION-2024-25 (1)

Course Information

• B.Tech 2024-2025

• Course Code: BAS-104

• Contact Hours: L-2 T-1 P-2

• Course Category: BAS

• Credits: 4

• Semester: 1

Course Structure for B.Tech First Year

B.Tech. CSE (Artificial Intelligence) - First Semester

Units of Content

Unit 1: Environmental Pollution and Control-I (7 HOURS)

• Water Pollution:

  • Overview of water quality parameters

  • Classification of water pollutants and sources

  • Total Hardness (EDTA method), Alkalinity determination (Numericals), DO, BOD, COD determination

  • Treatment for Domestic Use: Disinfection by Breakpoint chlorination

  • Waste-water Treatment: Primary, secondary, tertiary

  • Water Conservation and Management, Rain-water Harvesting

Unit 2: Environmental Pollution and Control-II (7 HOURS)

• Air Pollution:

  • Types, sources, effects, sinks & control measures for common air pollutants (CO, NOx, SOx, hydrocarbons, particulates)

  • Photochemical smog, acid rain, greenhouse effect, global warming

  • Carbon dioxide sequestration and Carbon Credits

• Solid and Hazardous Waste Pollution:

  • Classification, treatment and disposal methods

  • Sanitary landfill, thermal and biological processes, nuclear waste disposal (case study), e-waste disposal

Unit 3: Chemical Toxicology and Eco-Friendly Polymers (7 HOURS)

• Toxicology:

  • Terminology & toxic effects, interactions

  • Effects of arsenic, mercury, lead, chromium, cadmium on biochemical pathways

• Polymers:

  • Functionality of monomers, polymerization, environmental degradation, biodegradable polymers, bioplastics

Unit 4: Energy Resources and Management (7 HOURS)

• Energy Resources:

  • Renewable and non-renewable sources, alternative energy (solar, wind, hydro, biomass)

• Resource Management:

  • Sustainable development, Environmental Management Systems, Environmental Impact Assessments

  • Pollution Management Initiatives

Practical Component

Overview

• Environmental Studies Lab: Familiarization with laboratory equipment and performing various experiments

List of Experiments (10-12)

1. Determination of Alkalinity in water

2. Determination of Hardness in water

3. Determination of Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

4. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)

5. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)

6. Determination of pH, conductivity, TDS in drinking water samples

7. Determination of Residual Chlorine in water

8. Determination of Ammonia in water

9. Determination of Free Carbon Dioxide in water

10. PM2.5 concentration in ambient air (gravimetric method)

Marks Evaluation Scheme

• Mid Term: 15 Marks

• Continuous Assessment for Practical (CAP): 10 Marks

• Internal Assessment: 40 Marks

• End Term Internal Practical (ETIP): 15 Marks

• End Term Theory Examination: 60 Marks

• Total Marks: 100

Reference Books

1. P.W. Atkins, "The Elements of Physical Chemistry", 6th Ed., Oxford University Press, 2012.

2. B.S. Bahl, et al., "Essentials of Physical Chemistry", 24th Ed., S. Chand & Co., 2000.

3. D.A. Skoog, et al., "Principle of Instrumental Analysis", 6th Ed., 2016.

4. O.G. Palanna, "Engineering Chemistry", McGraw Hill, 2017.

5. K. Sesha Maheswaramma, et al., "Engineering Chemistry", 1st Ed., Pearson India, 2016.

6. Ranu Gadi, et al., "A Text book of Environmental Studies", 5th Ed., S.K. Kataria & Sons, 2024.

7. S. Rattan, "Applied Chemistry", S.K. Kataria & Sons, 2023.

Academic Calendar 2024-25

• Orientation Program: 5th August, 2024

• Commencement of Classes: 6th August, 2024

• Mid Term Examination: 14th October, 2024

• End Term Examination: 2nd December, 2024

Summary of Air Pollution (Unit II)

• Definition: Addition of substances harmful to human health and the environment.

• Sources: Natural and Anthropogenic

• Types of Pollutants: Primary (e.g., CO, NOx) and Secondary (formed from primary interactions)

Effects of Air Pollution

• Impacts on health (e.g., respiratory issues) and environment (e.g., acid rain)

Control Measures

1. Modifying engine designs and fuels

2. Use of pollution-free energy sources

Global Warming and Climate Change

• Definition: Continuous increase in the temperature of the lower atmosphere.

• Causes: Fossil fuel burning, deforestation, agricultural practices, etc.

• Greenhouse Gases: CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, etc., destroy the ozone layer and trap heat.

Carbon Credits

• System for trading emissions and reducing overall greenhouse gases.

• Merits: Flexible control of emissions, financial incentives.

• Demerits: May not lead to actual reductions, small businesses face challenges.

Summary of Greenhouse Effect

• Involves gases like CO2 and CH4 trapping solar radiation.

• Human activity is intensifying this natural process, contributing to global warming.