SOCIAL STUDY

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Reincarnation – The belief that a person’s soul is reborn in a different form after death.

Karma – The idea that a person’s actions will determine what their next life___ will be when they are reborn___.

Dharma – Divine law that requires people to do their duty, more is expected from ____higher caste______ members.

Buddhism – This religion appeared in Northern India and rivaled HINDUISM. Based on the teachings of ____siddartha Guatana_______ (aka THE BUDDHA).

Nirvana – Achieving ____wisdomgsbdgdhdhdhdhdhh__, ULTIMATE REALITY, and reuniting with the GREAT WARRIOR SOUL.

Complete the EdPuzzle on the CASTE SYSTEM

SOCIAL HIERARCHY OF ANCIENT INDIA

****FILL IN ON YOUR OWN AFTER YOU COMPLETE THE EDPUZZLE AND KNOWLEDGE CHECK****

Caste System in Aryan Society

Tier One (at the top)

Name:Brahmin

Description: The top position in social hierarchy of Ancient India. Usually in charge of RELIGIOUS CEREMONIES.

Tier Two

Name: kshatriya

Description: The ___warriors__ and MILITARY ELITE. Sometimes families from other varnas were allowed into this class.

Tier Three

Name: Vaishya

Description: ___Vaishya___ – were mostly ____Mechants___ or ___Salesman___.

Tier Four

Name: Shudra

Description: Largest population of Indians – most were ___the people who works in farm___ or worked in MANUAL LABOR. Limited rights in society.

Tier Five

Name: Dalit

Description: Lowest level of Indian society. They were given ____the lowest__ tasks and labor that other Indians would not do. The tasks included ___sewers____ or carrying dead bodys__. They had a very difficult life and were treated inhumanely. Not even considered a “social” class of people (varnas).

Jati – “Brought into existence” – your caste position is determined by _____birht___.

ANCIENT INDIA TIMELINE

BASIC TIMELINE OF ANCIENT INDIA PART I

BASIC TIMELINE OF ANCIENT INDIA PART II:

HINDUISM AND BUDDHISM

Siddhartha Gautama

Siddhartha Gautama was known as the ___the budda___ and ENLIGHTENED ONE. He was the wealthy son of a ruling family. After he married and had a child, he became aware of the pain of others compared to his. He gave up his royal clothes, left his family, and shaved his head; he then devoted his life to finding the true meaning of life.

Quick review of Hinduism – NO NOTES NEEDED HERE

Hinduism and Buddhism – A COMPARISON:

The principle ideas of Buddhism:

Humans can achieve ___nervana___

Appeals to the poor and downtrodden – why?THat is because there us no ranking in beddilism

Seek wisdom_ and reject wealth_

Forbidden to worship _____gods_____

The principle ideas of Hinduism – currently, ~ 80% of the Indian people practice Hinduism:

Behavior today affects ___our future__ lives, not the present (i.e. a belief in ______)

Belief in the ____caste____ system

Many ___gods__ and ___godneses worshipped__

Try to achieve ONENESS with the gods and SALVATION

Do not have a single holy book, but, major texts include: Upanishads and Bhagavad-Gita

WEBSITES FROM THE PREVIOUS SLIDES:

Upanishads | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Bhagavad Gita Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster

Bhagavadgita | Definition, Contents, & Significance

The Vedas - World History Encyclopedia – teach the religion of Hinduism

Mahatma Gandhi | India | The Guardian

Mahatma Gandhi Quotes

Remembering Gandhi: Top 10 quotes

Similarities between Buddhism and Hinduism:

Both believe in _____reincarrnation_____

Both seek a ___higher state of mind_________

Both became major world religions

Both believe suffering is caused by excessive attachment to to physical___ and people__

SHORT VIDEO – we’ll watch together

Hinduism and Buddhism

COMPLETE THE BUDDHISM VS. HINDUISM CHART ON GOOGLE CLASSROOM

ENDURING IMPACTS

Contributions (ENDURING IMPACTS) of Ancient India – you’ll eventually add these to your Ancient Civilizations Chart

The Pillar – The Iron Pillar of Delhi: Rust-Free after 1600 Years | Gaia

The Stupa – What was the purpose of a stupa?

The Rock Chamber – What is the purpose of a rock chamber?

Other ENDURING IMPACTS:

Astronomy:

Ancient Indians charted the movements of the sky and their surroundings. They realized the Earth was a SPHERE and revolved around the ____.

They also documented the occurrences of ______, the Earth’s CIRCUMFERENCE, and even theories about GRAVITATIONAL PULL.

Cities:

The first “urban planners”; most houses were connected to drainage systems, wells, and water storage systems

INDOOR PLUMBING

Streets were laid out in patterns of straight lines and right angles. The bricks used in building were all made of bricks that were identical in size

Roads – used for trading of goods and ideas; cultural DIFFUSION was a big part of helping India spread their ideas to other areas

A system of weights and measures

Writing:

Unlike most other ancient civilizations, the Harappan writing system has still not been fully translated

Sanskrit – the writing system of Ancient India (the Aryans) used to keep records

Other:

Higher Education – people studied and developed new trade routes and irrigation systems

Number/Number System – used a decimal place value system that used digits and ZEROS as placeholders – Guptas

Arabic numerals – Guptas