11-Sources-of-Photos-and-Graphics

Sources of Photos and Graphics

1. Personal and Professional Photos

• Taken by amateur or professional photographers.

• Downloaded and stored on computer.

2. Scanned Images

• Photos transferred from printed sources using scanning devices to a computer.

3. Stock Photo Library

• Photographs and created images available for sale.

• Provided in CDs or DVDs.

• Typically royalty-free.

4. Online Stock Photos

• Found on the internet, which is the most dominant source.

• May be subject to copyright and fees.

Online Digital File Formats

General Information

• File format: a way of encoding and storing information.

• Uses suffixes added to the end of the filename (File Name Extensions).

Digital File Formats

1. Proprietary Formats

   • Owned by individuals or corporations.

   • Specifications are not public; covered by copyrights.

2. Open Formats

   • Free and accessible to the public.

   • Not covered by copyrights or patents; maintained by groups.

Major Groups of Digital File Formats

1. Uncompressed or Raw Format

   • Used for storing the original file, requires larger memory.

2. Lossless File Format

   • Compressed format replicating original quality at reduced file size.

   • Ideal for important files (images, audio, video).

3. Lossy File Format

   • Compressed format approximating original; good compression rate, less memory.

Image File Formats

Types of Image Formats

1. Raster/Bitmap Image Files

2. Vector Graphics Files

Raster Image Files

• Represent digital images in bits, viewed as pixels.

• Majority are lossy and common on the internet.

Types of Raster Image Formats

• .bmp: Bitmap file; large file size, not common online.

• .gif: Popular, supports animation, small file size.

• .jpg: Common for photos, supports 24-bit color.

• .png: Open-source, supports 24-bit color, employs lossless compression.

• .psd: Photoshop-native format, can edit multiple formats.

Vector Image Files

• Lossless files created using mathematical equations; retains quality regardless of size.

• Preferred format for high-quality prints and displays.

Types of Vector Image Formats

• .ai: Adobe Illustrator file format.

• .drw: Generic drawing file stored in vector format.

• .dxf: Used for CAD vector images; developed by Autodesk.

• .ps: Page Description Language for printing.

• .svg: Common vector format on the internet; developed by W3C.