World History (unit 2 vocab)

Oligarchy A government ruled by a few powerful people

Tyrant a cruel and oppressive ruler

Monopoly Complete control of a product or business by one person or group Expansionism the policy of territorial or economic expansion

Warlord a military commander exercising civil power by force, usually in a limited area Rhetoric the art of using language effectively and persuasively Legalism the belief that people were bad by nature and needed to be controlled Daoism A religion in China which emphasizes the removal from society and to become one with nature. Philosophy the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, especially when considered as an academic discipline. filial piety respect shown by children for their parents and elders Atman in Hindu belief, a person's essential self, their soul Assimilate to absorb fully; to adopt as one's own; to adapt fully Assassination murder of a public figure by surprise attack Brahman the eternal essence of reality and the source of the universe, beyond the reach of human perception and thought Dharma In Hindu belief, a person's religious and moral duties Ahimsa the principle of nonviolence toward all living things Nirvana The state of enlightenment for Buddhists. Aristotle A Greek Philosopher, taught Alexander the Great, started a famous school, studied with Plato Logic Reasoning conducted or assessed according to strict principles of validity direct democracy A form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives Alliance a joining together for some common purpose Delian League an alliance headed by Athens that says that all Greek city-states will come together and help fight the Persians Ostracism deliberate social exclusion of individuals or groups Monarchy A government in which power is in the hands of a single person Phalanx A military formation of foot soldiers armed with spears and shields Democracy A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them