Anatomy and Phys Quiz 1

Homeostasis::A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level

Negative feedback loop::A feedback loop that causes a system to change in the opposite direction from which it is moving

Positive feedback loop::Causes a system to change further in the same direction.

Afferent pathway::Pathway of receptor to control center

Efferent pathways::carry nerve impulses away from the central nervous system to effectors

Anatomical position::hands at side, palms forward, feet together

Supine position::face up

Prone position::face down

Anterior::Toward the front of the body

Posterior::Toward the back of the body

Medial::closer to the midline that divides the body left and right

Lateral::Further away from the midline that divides the body left and right

Superior::Closer to the head

Inferior::Toward the feet

Proximal::Closer to the trunk

Distal::Further from the trunk

Superficial::Closer to the surface of the body

Deep::Farther from the surface of the body

Transverse Section::Divides body into upper and lower sections

Saggital Section::Divides the body into left and right sections

Coronal Section::Divides body into anterior and posterior sections

Response to temperature increase::1) Homeostasis 2) Stimulus causing a temperature increase 3) Receptors send a signal to the brain 4) Brain detects change and sends signal to effectors 5) Sweat glands increase secretion and blood vessels in skin dilate 6) Response is a cooling effect

Types of tissues::Epithelial Connective Muscular Neural

Epithelial Tissue::avascular sheet of cells that covers body surfaces or cavities, skin and salivary glands Characteristics of epithelial tissue::Tightly packed, organized assembly, exhibit polarity, highly regenerative

Connective Tissues::Loose, Blood, Lymph, Cartilage, Bone

Characteristics of Connective Tissues::Protection, Structural Support, Energy, storage, insulation, transporting substances

Muscular Tissue::capable of contraction/shortening (skeletal, cardiac, smooth)

Characteristics of Muscular Tissue::S = controlled by voluntary nervous system, moves and stabilizes the skeleton, contains elongated cells C = only in heart, short/branched, involuntary SM = Short/tapering, involuntary contraction

Nervous Tissue::Conduct electrical impulses, transfer process and store information, comprised of neurons and glial cells (Neurons, Glial cells, Location)

Characteristics of Nervous Tissue::N = Recieve sensory information and carry it to the brain, transmit motor impulses from brain to effectors G = Provide structural support, protection and nourishment for neurons in the brain/spinal cord L = brian, spinal cord, cranial and peripheral nerves