Question Summary

Environmental Sustainability

1. Explain why buying local products is more sustainable than imported products.

   Buying local products is more sustainable because it reduces carbon emissions from transportation, supports local economies, preserves traditional industries, and often involves less packaging and processing compared to imported products.

2. Explain the concept of Human-centered, life centered, and Earth-centered.

   Human-centered: Humans manage Earth for their benefit, prioritizing economic growth and development.

   Life-centered: All living forms have value, avoid causing extinction through human activities, and promote biodiversity to maintain healthy ecosystems.

   Earth-centered: Humans are part of nature, Earth’s resources are for all species.

Population Growth

1. Identify the population growth from the following TFR:

   TFR 1.1        Negative growth (declining population)
   TFR 2.09       Stable of slightly declining
   TFR 2.1        Replacement level (Stable population)
   TFR 2.12        Slight positive growth
   TFR 2.5        Positive growth (increasing population)

2. What factors influence positive population growth? Explain two factors.

   High birth rate - More children are born, increasing the population

   Low mortality rate - Improved healthcare and living conditions reduce deaths.

3. What factors influence negative population growth? Explain two factors.

   Low birth rate - Fewer births lead to population decline.

   High emigration - More people leaving the country reduces the population size.

4. Explain how species extinction and political unrest occur from positive population growth.

   species extinction - Increased land use leads to habitat destruction and loss of biodiversity.

   Political unrest - Overpopulation can cause resource shortages, unemployment, and social conflicts.

5. How can you help reduce the ecological footprint?

   Reduce waste and recycle more.

   Use renewable energy and conserve electricity.

   Choose sustainable products and consume less meat.

   Use public transportation or eco-friendly transport options.

Ecosystem

1. What would happen in the ecosystem if the rabbit extinct?

2. Identify energy flow in each trophic level of food chain whichconsists of green plant, rabbit, wild cat, and lion.

3. From food chain in question no.3, identify the role of each organism.

4. Explain why planting trees can maintain carbon cycle.

Biodiversity

1. Why is biodiversity important?

   It helps maintain ecosystem balance and supports natural processes.

2. What human activities can cause extinction?

   Habitat destruction, pollution, overhunting, and climate change are some of the primary drivers of species extinction.

3. How to preserve biodiversity?

   Protect habitats, reduce chemicals, promote sustainable farming.

Energy Resource

1. What renewable energy is appropriate to generate electricity during the crisis of climate change?

   Implement solar, wind, and hydroelectric energy sources to decrease reliance on fossil fuels.

2. Explain air pollution that occurs from using fossil fuels.

   The combustion of fossil fuels releases harmful pollutants such as carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx), which contribute significantly to air quality degradation and respiratory diseases.

3. How to conserve energy in your daily life? Explain.

   Use energy-efficient appliances and LED lighting to reduce electricity consumption. Unplug devices when not in use.

Air Pollution

1. Explain air pollution which occurs from using fossil fuels.

   Air pollution is a significant environmental issue that results from the combustion of fossil fuels, including carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides, which can affect air quality and human health.

2. How to reduce/prevent air pollution? Explain.

   Use renewable energy, reduce vehicle emissions, improve combustion technology, and promote public transportation.

Climate Change

1. Explain the impact of climate change on water supply.

   Climate change can alter rainfall patterns, causing floods or droughts, affecting water supply.

2. How does forest fire occur from climate change?

   Higher temperatures and prolonged droughts, due to climate change, increases the risk of wildfires.

3. How to mitigate climate change?

   Implementing renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Solid Waste

1. What are the solid waste management methods? Put in order from the most to the least environmental friendly and explain each method.

   Reduce - Minimizing waste production by buying only what is necessary and avoiding single-use items.

   Reuse - Reusing items as much as possible to extend their lifespan and reduce the need for new products.

   Recycle - Processing used materials into new products to reduce the need for raw materials and energy.

   Composting - Turning organic waste into nutrient-rich soil, reducing landfill waste and enriching the soil.

   Incineration - Burning waste to reduce volume, but it can release harmful pollutants.

   Landfilling - The least environmentally friendly method, as it occupies large areas and can cause soil and water contamination.

Water Pollution

1. How to prevent water pollution?

   Reduce chemical use, dispose of waste properly, and protect water sources from contamination.

2. How can you sustain water for the future?

   Conserve water, use it efficiently, and protect water ecosystems.