9.3 La convivencia en la España moderna

abrumador =overwhelming

aconsejar =to advise

aduana =customs

adverso =unfavourable

aguantar =to put up with

aislado =isolated

el alojamiento =accommodation

la aportación =contribution, support

el asentamiento =settlement, settling

asimilar =to assimilate

aspirar a =to aspire to

atravesar (atravieso) =to cross

autóctono =native

la autonomía =autonomy

la capa social =social stratum

la chabola =shack

la chatarra =junk, scrap metal

el choque cultural =culture shock

clandestino =clandestine, undocumented

contraproducente =counter-productive

la deficiencia =failure, shortcoming

la defunción =death, passing

el delito =crime

la demografía =demography

derivar =to derive, originate

la directriz =guideline

la embajada =embassy

enfocar =to focus on

escaso =lacking, limited

escolarizar =to educate

esforzarse (me esfuerzo)= to make an effort

el estado =civil marital status

estigmatizar =to stigmatise

excomulgar =excommunicate

finalizar =to finish

foráneo =foreign

la forja =forge, foundry

el fracaso =failure

garantizar =to guarantee

hacinado =piled up

idóneo =suitable

impedir (impido) =to prevent

la infravivienda =sub-standard housing

injustificable =unjustifiable

instalarse =to settle in

el logro =success

la multiculturalidad =multiculturism

el nacimiento =birth, origin

nativo =native

la obligatoriedad =obligatory nature

el paisaje =landscape

persistir =to persist

la población =population

proceder de =to come from

la propuesta =proposal

quejarse =to complain

relegado =relegated

el requisito =requirement

residir =to reside, to live in

el sacrificio =sacrifice

segregado =segregated

la ubicación =location

la venta ambulante =street trading