Generated digestive system questions

Digestive System Review Questions

1. State the parts of the digestive tract, and name the accessory organs of the digestive system.

2. Name the layers of the wall of the GI tract, and indicate the functions of each layer.

3. What is the inner lining epithelium of most of the GI tract? What is the inner lining epithelium of the esophagus?

4. State the functions of the villi & microvilli found in the mucosa of the small intestine.

5. Explain the action of sympathetic & parasympathetic nerve stimulation on GI tract motility and secretions.

6. Explain the following types of movements seen in the GI tract, and also indicate where they occur and their functions.

   1. peristalsis 

   2. mixing movements

   3. segmentation movements

   4. mass movements 

7. Describe the three phases of swallowing.

8. Name the three salivary glands and the type of salivary secretion that they produce.

9. Describe the functions of saliva.

10. Explain the function of the esophagus & the lower esophageal sphincter.

11. What is the condition that would result if the lower esophageal sphincter is loose and fails to close properly?

12. Stomach – 

    1. List the different parts of the stomach.

    2. Explain the functions of the stomach. 

    3. What is the composition of gastric juice?

    4. Describe the functions of each component of gastric juice.

    5. Explain the importance of the gastric mucosal barrier.

13. What is the condition that can result from a deficiency of intrinsic factor?

14. Describe the various factors that can disrupt the gastric mucosal barrier and lead to the formation of ulcers.

15. Explain the factors controlling gastric secretion.

16. Describe the three phases of gastric secretion. During which phase is gastric juice secreted maximally?

17. Name the hormone that stimulates gastric juice secretion. Where is it secreted from?

18. Pancreas – 

    1. What is the composition of pancreatic juice?

    2. Explain the functions of each component of pancreatic juice. 

    3. Name the hormones controlling pancreatic secretion and their actions.

    4. Where are secretin and cholecystokinin released from?

    5. What would stimulate the release of secretin? 

    6. What would stimulate the release of cholecystokinin?

19. Why are protein-digesting enzymes of the pancreatic juice secreted in an inactive form, and how & where do the enzymes get activated?

20. Liver – 

    1. List the components of bile.

    2. Explain the functions of bile.

    3. What is meant by the term ‘emulsification of fats’?

    4. What is the action of cholecystokinin on bile secretion?

    5. Into which part of the small intestine is bile released?

21. Small Intestine – 

    1. Name the parts of the small intestine.

    2. In which parts of the small intestine does maximum digestion and absorption take place? 

    3. Name the enzymes found on the microvilli of the small intestine.

22. Large Intestine – 

    1. Name the parts of the large intestine.

    2. What are the functions of the large intestine?

23. Digestion & Absorption – 

    1. Describe the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, proteins & fats (refer to the lecture power-point slides)

    2. What is lactose intolerance?

Short Answer Questions

• Explain the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine.

• Explain how disaccharides such as sucrose and lactose are digested and absorbed.