Encoding: the first stage in remembering something, it is the processing of information into the memory system
Storage: the maintenance of material saved in memory
Retrieval: the process of getting information out of memory storage in order for it to be useful
Sensory Memory: the first stage of memory, which holds an exact record of incoming information for a few seconds or less
Short-Term Memory: the memory system used to hold small amounts of information for relatively brief periods of time (15-25 seconds); it prevents our mind from storing useless information
Working Memory: another name for short-term memory, especially as it is used for thinking and problem solving
Long-Term Memory: the essentially limitless memory system used for relatively permanent storage of meaningful information
Sensory Memories
Short Term Memory
Repetitive Rehearsal
Elaborative Rehearsal
Atkinson and Shiffrin Theory (1968)
Storage is the heart of memory. 3 stores of memory are shown below
FEATURE | SENSORY MEMORY | WORKING MEMORY | LONG-TERM MEMORY |
---|---|---|---|
Encoding | copy | phonetic | semantic |
Capacity | unlimited | 7±2 chunks | very large |
Duration | 0.25 seconds | 20 seconds | years |
Leading psychological associations of the world agree on the following concerning childhood sexual abuse
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