- Communist Minh (N) vs Anti-Communist Diem (S) (not popular and later overthrown)
- Vietcong & Saigon government
- Domino theory: If S Vietnam fell to communism, then other nations would fall too
- Secretary of State Dulles put together SEATO - regional defense pact
- Tonkin Gulf Resolution - North Vietnamese gunboats fired on US warships in the gulf, gives Johnson right to protect US interests
- US was failing the war, but General William Westmoreland says he can see the end
- Credibility gap - Johnson was not being completely honest to US citizens
- Hawks vs Doves: supporters / non-supporters of the war
- Tet Offensive - effective in demoralizing the American public, although not actually successful for Vietcong
- Election of 1968:
- Johnson doesn't rerun which ends escalation
- Robert Kennedy (shot after winning Cali)
- Wallace + Nixon who wins, both Republican (Humphrey is the Democrat now)
- Nixon's Vietnam policy:
- Henry Kissinger
- Vietnamization: "peace with honor" by training SV and withdrawing US
- Nixon Doctrine: Asian allies would be supported, but no troops
- National Guard troops killed at Kent State protesting Cambodia
- US massacre in My Lai village
- Pentagon Papers leaked, revealing mistakes of government in Vietnam
- Paris Accords that promised cease-fire was ineffective
- War Powers Act: requires president to report and approve military action to Congress
- Saigon and Cambodia fell to communism