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Course Overview

• Course Title: Tunua Mnxavikwv KaI HAEKTPOVIKWV HAEKTPONIKH OYEIKH

• Instructor: AIEONEE FIANEIHITHMIO

• Email: imarm@ihu.gr

• Credits: 6 ECTS

Course Content

• Electric Charge and Electric Field

  • Electric Charge

  • Electric Field, Gauss's Law

  • Electric Potential

  • Capacitance, Dielectrics

  • Storage of Electric Energy

• Electric Current and Resistance

• Magnetism

  • Sources of Magnetic Field

  • Electromagnetic Induction and Faraday's Law

  • Induction

• Electromagnetic Oscillations

• Maxwell's Equations

• Electromagnetic Waves

• Light: Reflection and Refraction, Snell's Law

• Wave Nature of Light: Interference, Diffraction, Huygens' Principle, Polarization

• Quantum Theory: Initial Concepts, Atomic Models, Basics of Quantum Mechanics

• Quantum Mechanics of Atoms, Molecules, and Solids

• Nuclear Physics: Radiation, Nuclear Energy: Effects and Use of Radiation

Assessment Criteria

• Final Written Examination: May include:

  • Short Answer Questions

  • Multiple Choice Tests

  • Problem Solving

Textbooks

1. Giancoli, C. Douglas, "Physics for Scientists and Engineers", Volume B, 4th Edition, 2014, ISBN: 978-960-418-376-0

2. R. Knight, "Physics for Scientists and Engineers", Volume II, 2010, ISBN: 978-960-319-306-7

3. Hans C. Ohanian, "Physics", Volume B, 2nd Edition, 1991, ISBN: 978-960-266-459-9

4. R. Serway & J. Jewett, "Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Electricity and Magnetism, Light and Optics, Modern Physics", 8th Edition, 2013, ISBN: 978-960-461-509-4

5. Halliday, David, Resnick, Robert, Walker, Jearl, "Physics", Volume B, 2013, ISBN: 978-960-01-1594-9

Electric Charge and Electric Field

• Electric Fields:

  • Present everywhere but invisible.

  • Responsible for electric currents in solids.

  • Source of electric fields: electrically charged particles.

  • Fundamental Forces of Nature:

    • Gravitational

    • Electromagnetic

    • Strong Nuclear

    • Weak Nuclear

Electric Charge

• Static Electricity: Phenomena of stationary charges.

• Two types of electric charges: Positive & Negative.

• Law of Conservation of Electric Charge:

  • Electric charge cannot be created or destroyed.

• Opposite charges attract, like charges repel.

Atomic Scale of Electric Charge

• Understanding atomic structure leads to understanding electricity.

• Charged particles in atoms:

  • Electrons: Negatively charged.

  • Protons: Positively charged.

  • Neutrons: Neutral.

• Movement of electrons creates charged ions.

Conductors, Insulators, and Semiconductors

• Conductors: Facilitate movement of electric charge easily.

• Insulators: Do not allow electric current to flow.

• Semiconductors: Intermediate conductivity, significant for electronics industry.

Coulomb's Law

• Force F between two point charges Q1 and Q2 at a distance r:

  • F = k * (Q1 * Q2) / r^2

• k = Coulomb's constant (8.99 x 10^9 N m²/C²).

• Electric charge is quantized; elementary charge (electron) e = 1.602 x 10^-19 C.

Using Coulomb's Law

• Applies only to:

  • Point charges

  • In electrostatics (stationary charges)

• Electric forces can be vectorially added.

Electric Field Concept

• Electric fields exert force at a distance, defined mathematically.

• Surroundings of charges modify the space.

• Total electric field is the vector sum of the fields produced by individual charges.

Electric Field Lines

• Visual representation of electric fields:

  • Direction of field lines indicates direction of force on a positive charge.

  • Field lines emanate from positive charges and terminate on negative charges.

  • Density of lines indicates the strength of the electric field.

Applications of Electric Fields

• Electric field influences electron movement in conductors, impacting their equilibrium state.

• Electromagnetic shielding protects electronic systems from external influences.

Motion of Charged Particles in Electric Field

• Charged particles experience force proportional to the electric field:

  • F = qE

• Motion can be described with kinematic equations.

• Example: Electron acceleration in a parallel plate capacitor.