HOA

BAROQUE

-          Music, painting, sculpture, and architecture

-          Grandeur, ornamentation, and contrast

Portuguese term “BAROCO”

-          irregularly shaped pearl

-          negative connotation

-          means “wart”

Latin word “Verruca Wart”

-          Means ugly

Also influenced by Mannerist architecture

-          Bizarre

-          Fantastic

-          Irregular

Through the Divine right of kings

-          The catholic church proclaimed that European monarchs were handpicked by God himself

-          Left a bad legacy because of intermarriage (para makeep yung wealth power)

-          Pinnacle was Charles II of Spain because of inbreeding

Protestant reformation or Protestantism

-          An event that saw the rise of a religious movement in the 16^th century

-          Led by Marthin Luther, Copernicus, and Galileo Galilei

-          Broke away from the catholic church along with their beliefs and practices, the most corrupt institutions of the world

-          A religion that believes that you can’t buy your way to heaven

Baroque Papacy (counter-reformation)

-          Movement of the catholic church during the 17^th and 18^th century in response to the protestant reformation

-          To glorify the catholic church

-          Encourage grand design, dramatic façade, and to intricate figures to show the power of the catholic church

Architecture of the Curved Lines

-          Most lavish of all styles

-          Deliberate intent to impress

-          Attempt to make art more life like and more sensual

Pilaster and niches

Key countries the church wanted to take over:

1.      Italian Baroque

Represented by the Il Gesu

2.      French baroque - Represented by the Saint-Gervais-Saint Protais

3.      English Baroque - Represented by the Saint Paul

4.      Spanish Baroqut - Represented by the Churrigueresque

5.      German Baroqu Represented by the Zwinger

Italian Dynamic - “Diagonalism”  meaning dynamic through curvilinear elements (movement)

-          Emotionality and Contrast of light and shadows

-          Saint Francis of Assisi in Ecstasy

-          Beheading of Golliath by David I painting by Caravaggio

Opulence – To make people at awe

Church of the Gesu by Giacomo Barozzi Da Vignola and Giacomo della Porta

-     It is the  First true baroque façade

 San Carlo alle Quatro Fontane by Francesco Borromini (Rome, Italy)

-          Aka saint Charles at the four fountains

-          Oval shaped dome w intricate coffered

-          Sad ending,Borromini killed himself

Scalinata Di Trinita Dei Monti by Francesco de Sanctis (Rome, Italy)

-          Aka “Spanish steps” because of the Spanish embassy located nearby, despite being designed by an Italian architect

-          Has 135 steps

-          Roman Holiday by Audrey Hepburn

Saint Agnese by Girolamo Rainaldi, reworked by Francesco Borromini (Piazza Navona, Rome, Italy)

-          Saint Agnese in Agone

Fontana dei Quattro Fiumi by Gian Lorenzo Bernini (Piazza Navona, Rome, Italy)

-          Aka Fountain of the Four Rivers

French Baroque “Elegance”

 – Characterized by its grandeur, symmetry and restrained elegance. Key features: Symmetry and balance- Buildings are typically symmetrical with carefully arranged facades

Saint Gervais-Saint Protais by Salomon de Brosse (Paris, France)

-          Earliest known French baroque façade, workplace of the Couperin family, a renowned dynasty of French organists and composers with Francis Couperin

Luxemburg Palace by Salomon de Brosse (Paris, France)

-          Commissioned by Marie de’ Medici, widow of king henry IV. Modeled after the Palazzo Pitti in Florence, Italy. Currently houses the French Estate.

Dome des Invalides by Jules Hardouin-Mansart (Paris, France)

-          Striking golden dome that rises 107

-          Originally part of the hotel des invalides to house war veterans, it now shelters the tomb of Napoleon Boaparte

English Baroque “Restrained”

 – Paved the way for a shifting towards more restrained and academically correct forms of Palladianism. Emphasized harmony and symmetry, blending grandiosity with purity of classical design

Great fire of London (Sunday, 2^nd September to Thursday, 6^th September 1666)

Sir John Vanburgh, Andrea Palladio, and Sir Cristopher Wren key figures of english baroque

Sir Cristopher Wren (1623-1723) – known for designing St. Paul’s Cathedral, a masterpiece of English Baroque architecture. Rebuilt 50 churches after the great fire of London. Making him a key figure in English architecture

St. Paul’s Cathedral by Sir Cristopher Wren (city of London, United Kingdom)

-          Magnificent dome that rises 111 meters (365 feet) and dominates London skyline

Royal Hospital Chelsea by Sir Crustopher Wren (Chelsea,London, UK)

-          This impressive complex was established as a retirement home for British soldiers and features a grand façade, classical detailing, and beautifully landscaped gardens, exemplifying Wren's architectural style and his contribution to British Baroque architecture.

Sir John Vanbrugh (1664-1726) – Theatre person. key figure renowned for bold designs characterized by elaborate ornamentation, grand scale, and expressive classical elements. Notable works like Blenheim palace and castle Howard.

Blenheim Palace by Sir John Vanbrugh (Oxfordshire, England, United Kingdom)

-          Residence of the duke of Malbrough.

-          Considered most monumental mansion in England. Only non-royal residence in England to hold the title  of palace.

-          Granted by queen Anne in 1704

-          Spencer-Churchill

-          Birthplace of Winston Churchill

Castle Howard by Sir John Vanbrugh (New Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom)

-          Grand façade with a dome and lavishly decorated interiors

-          1000 acres of beautifully landscaped gardens, family-owned estate, currently home to the Earl of Charlisle and his family

-          House sa Bridgerton

Spanish Baroque “Dramatic”

Spain and its colonies: Mexico, California, And Filipinas

Churrigueresque

-          Established by Jose Benito De Churriguera, father of churrigueresque

San Esteban Altar by Jose Benito De Churriguera (Salamanca, Spain)

-          Distinctly spanish

Conjunto Palacio Iglesia de San Francisco Jabier d las dos Plazas Inmediatas by Jose Benito De Churriguera (Nuevo baztan, Madrid, Spain)

-          Palace church of San Francisco Jabier

-          Goyeneche Palace

Plaza de Fiestas – Behind the palace

Plaza de la Iglesia – Front of the church

Santiago de Compostela Cathedral or Cathedral basilica de Santiago Compostela Galicia

-          Largest cathedral interior

-          Largest incense called Botafumiero in the world

-          Intricate Gold interiors

Filipinas

Daraga Church (albay)

-          Nuestra Senora dela Porteria

-          Solomonic Columns helical column by s spiraling twisting shaft

San Juan De Dios Hospital (Intramuros)

-          First and oldest church of the Philippines

Rococo

-          Lightness, swirling forms, Flowing lines, elegance

“Rocaille” or French Rococo

-          Soft and dainty

Chinoiserie

-          French rococo mixed with Chinese architecture

-          Yellow drawing room at the Buckenham palace

-          Chinese House by Fredrick the great

-          Tea house inspired by a chinese tea cup

Wieskirche by Dominikus Zimmerman (Bavaria, Germany)

-          The Pilgrimage church of Wies

Amalienburg by Francois de Cuvillies (Nympheburg palace park, Munich, Germany)

-          Pastel pink exterior, pastel blue interiod

-          Hunting lodge for Elector Max Emanuael of  Bavaria      

Smolny Convent by Francisco Bartolomeo Rastrelli

-          aka smolny convent of the resurrection

-          convent for noble women