phyla and divisions notes

animal phyla

vertebrate

symmetry

characteristics

examples

annelida

invertebrate

bilateral

tube-shaped bodies, take in oxygen through their skin, must live in a moist environment or water, body divided into segments

earthworms

leeches

arthropoda

invertebrate

bilateral

segmented body, exoskeletons, jointed limbs, compound eyes, well-developed body systems, live on land or water

insects

crustaceans

arachnids

chordata

vertebrate

bilateral

bones, dorsal hollow nerve cord/tube (notochord), jointed limbs, endoskeleton, sensory cells, advanced organ systems

humans

whales 

birds

amphibians

fish

reptiles

mammals

cnidaria

invertebrate

radial

live in water, central opening (food in, waste out), surrounded by tentacles with nematocysts (stinging cells), either have medusa shape (jellyfish) or polyp shape (anemone)

jellyfish

anemone

coral

hydras

echinodermata

invertebrate

radial

spiny skin, tube feet, mouth in center of body on underside, live in the ocean, can regenerate, has a water vascular system

sea urchins

sea stars

sea biscuits

sand dollar

sea cucumbers

mollusca

invertebrate

bilateral

soft bodies, many have shells, muscular foot attached to head, mantle protect internal organs and makes the shell, well developed organ systems, live on land, freshwater, and/or in seawater

octopus

nautilus

clams

oysters

snails

squid

plant division

vascular

reproduction

characteristics

examples

Conifers (gymnosperms)

Vascular- contain structures for transport, xylem, and phloem

Seeds in cones

Usually evergreen trees, tend to grow in cold and dry places

Cypress

Eastern white cedar

Spruce

Redwood

Fir

pine

ferns

Vascular- contain structures for transport, xylem, and phloem

Spores on undersides of leaves

Fringed-leaf plants, non-flowering, like shady or moist areas

Ferns

horsetails

Flowering plants (angiosperms)

Vascular- contain structures for transport, xylem, and phloem

Seeds in flowers/fruit

Flowering plants, seeds produced in flowers which become fruit 

Cacti

Roses

oak

mosses

Non-vascular- no xylem or phloem

spores

Low-growing, small, grass-like, live on land in moist places

Liverworts

moss