Physical Science - Chapter 9

Solutions

9A: Mixtures and Solutions

• Types of Heterogenous Mixtures
  • ^^Suspension^^: a heterogenous mixture of a fluid and large particles that will settle out over time
  • ^^Colloid^^: a heterogenous mixture in which the dispersed particles will not settle out

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• ^^Solvation^^: the process of dissolving a solute into a liquid
  • ^^Dissociation^^: the physical separation of the ions in a solid ionic compound by the action of a solvent

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• ^^solubility^^: The maximum amount of solute into a liquid solvent

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• Separating Mixtures

  • Evaporation
  • Magnetism
  • Filtering/Sifting
  • Distillation

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9B: Solution Concentration

• Saturation
  • ^^Concentration^^: the actual amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solution
  • ^^Saturated Solution^^: a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that it can hold at a given temperature
  • ^^Unsaturated Solution^^: a solution that contains less than the maximum amount of solute that it could hold at a given temperature
  • ^^Supersaturated Solution^^: a solution that contains more than the maximum amount of solute that it can normally hold at a given temperature

Colligative Properties

• ^^Colligative Property^^: a physical property of solutions that depends only on the concentration of dissolved particles and not on the identity or properties of the solute
  • %%Boiling Point Elevation%%: the increase in the boiling point of a solvent due to the presence of dissolved solute
  • %%Freezing Point Depression%%: the lowering of the freezing point of a solvent due to the presence of a dissolved solute

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