Physical Science - Chapter 9

Solutions

9A: Mixtures and Solutions

  • Types of Heterogenous Mixtures
    • ^^Suspension^^: a heterogenous mixture of a fluid and large particles that will settle out over time
    • ^^Colloid^^: a heterogenous mixture in which the dispersed particles will not settle out

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  • ^^Solvation^^: the process of dissolving a solute into a liquid
    • ^^Dissociation^^: the physical separation of the ions in a solid ionic compound by the action of a solvent

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  • ^^solubility^^: The maximum amount of solute into a liquid solvent

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  • Separating Mixtures

    • Evaporation
    • Magnetism
    • Filtering/Sifting
    • Distillation

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9B: Solution Concentration

  • Saturation
    • ^^Concentration^^: the actual amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solution
    • ^^Saturated Solution^^: a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that it can hold at a given temperature
    • ^^Unsaturated Solution^^: a solution that contains less than the maximum amount of solute that it could hold at a given temperature
    • ^^Supersaturated Solution^^: a solution that contains more than the maximum amount of solute that it can normally hold at a given temperature

Colligative Properties

  • ^^Colligative Property^^: a physical property of solutions that depends only on the concentration of dissolved particles and not on the identity or properties of the solute
    • %%Boiling Point Elevation%%: the increase in the boiling point of a solvent due to the presence of dissolved solute
    • %%Freezing Point Depression%%: the lowering of the freezing point of a solvent due to the presence of a dissolved solute

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