Dog Clubs and Breeds (copy)

Dog Clubs and Breeds

Kennel Clubs

• A dog or kennel club is an organization for canine affairs that concerns itself with the breeding, showing, and promotion of more than one breed of dog.

• The first dog club, the Kennel Club, was formed in England in 1873.

  • Based in London, Aylesbury, United Kingdom.

  • Emblem of the Kennel Club is shown on the slide.

  • Best known event: Krust Dog Confirmation Show, held since 1928, attracting competitors worldwide.

  • The 2012 winner was an Elasa Apso.

Kennel Club Functions

• Maintains breed standards.

• Records pedigrees for different dogs.

• Issues rules for dog shows and trials, and accreditation of judges.

• Serves as registries of adult purebred dogs and litters of puppies born to purebred parents.

• Manages and oversees various aspects of the dog breeds it represents directly or through member bodies.

Prominent Purebred Dog Clubs in North America

• American Kennel Club (AKC).

• Canadian Kennel Club (CKC).

• United Kennel Club (UKC).

• There are multiple clubs around the world.

• The kennel clubs do not recognize the exact same breeds of dogs.

Recent Formation of New Clubs

• Many new dog clubs and registries have formed in recent years in the United States and abroad, such as:

  • Americas Pet Registry.

  • Dog Registry of North America.

  • World Kennel Club.

Reasons for New Club Formation

• New requirements imposed by the AKC in February.

  • Effective for litters whelped on or after 07/01/2000, every sire producing seven or more litters in a lifetime or producing more than three litters in a calendar year must be AKC DNA profiled.

  • DNA profiles are used for genetic identity and parentage verification.

• Some breeders formed their own kennel clubs due to AKC's DNA profiling requirements.

  • Litters of some breeders were turned down by the AKC because the breeders refused to positively identify the father of the litter through DNA testing.

  • Some breeders are boycotting the AKC because complying with these requirements costs money.

• Some breeders do not like regular kennel inspections conducted by the AKC.

American Kennel Club (AKC)

• Dominant kennel club in the U.S., formed in 1884.

• Largest purebred dog registry in the world, with over 5,000 licensed and member clubs and affiliated organizations.

• Functions of the AKC:

  • Providing a registry of purebred dog pedigrees in The United States.

  • Promoting and sanctioning events for purebred dogs.

    • Major events include: Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, National Dog Show & the AKC Yukonuba National Championship.

• The AKC is not part of the World Canine Organization (WCO).

  • The AKC is a registration organization for dogs in The United States.

  • The WCO is a dog registration organization for pretty much the rest of the world with over 80 member countries.

Dog Registration with the AKC

• For purebred dogs to be registered with the AKC, the dog's parents must be registered with the AKC as the same breed, and the litter the dog is born in must also be registered with the AKC.

• If the parents are not registered with the AKC or the litter is not registered, special registry research conducted by the AKC is necessary to determine if the dog is eligible for AKC registration.

• Once eligibility is determined, the dog can be registered as purebred by the AKC.

Purebred Alternative Listing Program (PAL) / Indefinite Listing Privilege Program (ILP)

• An AKC program that provides purebred dogs who may not have been eligible for registration a chance to register alternatively.

• Reasons why a purebred dog might not be eligible for registration by the AKC:

  • A dog may be the product of an unregistered litter.

  • The dog may have unregistered parents.

  • Many dogs enrolled in this PAL ILP program were oftentimes adopted from animal shelters or rescue groups where the status of the dog's parents is not known.

• Dogs enrolled in the PAL ILP program can participate in AKC companion and performance activities, but not in confirmation events.

• Confirmation refers to the externally visible details of a dog's structure and appearance as defined in detail by each dog breeds written breed standard.

Resources for Learning About Dogs

• The AKC Website, where you can click on the different breeds of dogs and learn a lot of information about those.

• Dogbreedinfo.com

• Hubs Pages

AKC Dog Groups

• The AKC recognizes eight different dog groups:

  • Sporting Group

  • Hound Group

  • Working Group

  • Terrier Group

  • Toy Group

  • Non-Sporting Group

  • Herding Group

  • Miscellaneous Class

Sporting Group

• Contains dogs that were bred to help hunters in the field by finding, flushing, and/or retrieving game, primarily birds.

• Remarkable for their instincts in water and woods.

• Many breeds within this group actively continue to participate in hunting, as well as other field activities.

• 28 current breeds recognized by the AKC.

General Characteristics of the Sporting Group

• Naturally active and alert.

• Bred to help hunters in the field by finding, flushing, and/or retrieving game.

• Remarkable for their instincts in water and woods.

• Many breeds within this group actively continue to participate in hunting, as well as other field activities.

Golden Retriever

• History:

  • Originated in the Scottish Highlands in the late 1800s and was used primarily for hunting.

  • Developed by Lord Tweedmouth.

    • He crossed his original yellow retriever with a Tweed Water Spaniel, which is now extinct, that was found on his estate.

    • Then he later bred these dogs with the Irish Setter, Bloodhounds, and more Tweed Water Spaniels to produce the Golden Retriever that we know today.

• Description:

  • A sturdy, well-proportioned dog with a feathered medium-length cream to golden-colored coat.

  • The outer coat is water-repellent and the undercoat is very dense.

  • The head is broad with a tapering but wide muzzle.

  • The nose is black, and the eyes are brown with dark rims.

  • The ears are medium-sized and pendant.

• Weight:

  • Dogs: 70-75 pounds on average.

  • Bitches: 60-65 pounds.

• Height:

  • Dogs: 23-24 inches at the withers.

  • Bitches: 21.5-22.5 inches.

• Behavior:

  • Generally, Goldens are gentle, stable family dogs.

  • They are very loyal and confident, sweet, and eager to please, and they are fairly active dogs.

• Medical Issues:

  • This breed is prone to hip dysplasia and congenital eye defects.

  • Dogs also need to exercise and can be overfed, which can lead to them putting on weight fairly quickly.

Labrador Retriever

• History:

  • Originally from Newfoundland.

  • Initially used in work alongside fishermen helping to pull on nets and catch fish that escaped from fishing lines.

  • These dogs were later bred with Setters, Spaniels, and other Retrievers.

  • From this point onward, their primary role was to retrieve game.

• Description:

  • It's a solid, muscular dog, slightly longer than it is tall.

  • Has a short, hard, water-resistant double coat.

  • Comes in solid black, yellow, or chocolate colors.

  • The head is broad and the muzzle is fairly wide.

  • The medium-sized ears are pendant.

  • The tail is strong, thick near the body that tapers and completely hair covered.

  • Has webbed feet that aid the animal in swimming.

• Weight:

  • Dogs: 65-80 pounds.

  • Bitches: 55-70 pounds.

• Height:

  • Dogs: 22-24 inches at the withers.

  • Bitches: 21-23 inches.

• Behavior:

  • This is a very loving and very patient animal.

  • It's highly intelligent, eager to please, lively, and good-natured.

  • Loves to play, especially in water, which is aided by its webbed feet.

  • It's not aggressive with people or other animals.

• Medical issues:

  • The Labrador is generally a very healthy dog.

  • It's a robust breed.

  • Can, with the larger breeds, have hip dysplasia and progressive retinal atrophy (PRA).

Irish Setter

• History:

  • The Irish Setter became popular in the eighteenth century throughout Ireland and the British Isles.

  • This animal was developed from a mix of Irish Water Spaniels, Irish Terriers, English Setters, Spaniels, Pointers, as well as Gordon Setters.

  • Originally, the breed was used to set game.
    *Description:

  • Iris setters have a very distinctive silky, feathered red coat.

  • They're slightly longer than they are tall.

  • The head is long and chiseled.

  • The muzzle is long and ends in a dark black or brown nose, and teeth meet in either a scissors or a level bite.

  • It's brown in color.

  • The eyes of the iris setter are almond-shaped and wide.

  • Then they have long hanging ears that are pendant with long silky hair.
    *Weight of Irish Setters.

  • They're about 70 for dogs, around 60 for bitches.
    *Height, twenty seven inches at withers for the dog, twenty five inches for a bitch.

  • Behavior and temperament, very high energy dogs, a lot of stamina because they're hunting dogs.

    • Loyal family dogs for those that have active lifestyles, get along very well with children, love people, get along well with other household pets as well.
      Medical, some medical issues for this breed include bloat, cancers such as osteosarcoma, epilepsy, hip and elbow dysplasia.

Hound Group

• According to the AKC, twenty seven current breeds, some of which include the Basenji, Beagle, Greyhounds, Bloodhound, Pharaoh Hound, Saluki, which I talked about in the Evolution and Domestication lecture.
  A lot of very interesting breeds within the hound group.

General Characteristics of Hound Group

• So ancestors of most hounds were used for hunting.
  This group contains dogs that seek and follow prey by either sight or scent.

• Then dogs in this group are bred to track game in the field.

Beagle

*History of the beagle.In the 1500s, hunting was very, very popular and large dogs were actually used to track deer, whereas small dogs such as beagles were used to track rabbits.
* These type of dogs became the beagles over time.
And then the origin of the name beagle actually or they think may have been derived from the French term beguile, which refers to the bang voice of the hounds when in pursuit of game.
**Description

*Beagles are squarely built, sturdy hound dogs with a short and easy to care for fur coat.
Their muzzle is straight and square.
*They have wide drop ears. Beagles' eyes are brown or hazel in color. Their tails are straight.
Beagles usually come in two color variations, either tri color or red and white. But interestingly, all hound colors, it doesn't matter the color, are accepted in the breed standard. So the weight of beagles is eighteen to thirty pounds, and then bitches are on the lower end of the scale.

• Height is 13 to 15 inches at the shoulder for both dogs and bitches.
  Now interestingly, for showing dogs, the height limit for showing beagles in The United States is 15 inches, where in England it's actually 16 inches. So again, going to not all kennels recognize the exact same breeds, they're slightly different standards for different countries.
  Very subtle, but there are differences. Behavior and temperament of a beagle.

• The Beagle breed has a personality and temperament that's friendly, but it's very sensitive in nature. Beagles are not good guard dogs, but actually make good watchdogs and will oftentimes sound a howling alert when new people or animals are near their home.
  And then they're very good with other dogs, they are used in packs. So some medical issues associated with beagles include deafness, epilepsy, hip dysplasia, hypothyroidism and patellar luxation.

• So what's patellar luxation?
  *The patella or kneecap lies in a track on the front of the leg where its functions in joint movement, sliding up and down easily as the knee bends and extends.

• In beagles and you'll see a lot of other dog breeds, the patella does not stay in its track or can sometimes not stay in its track, occasionally slipping or luxating usually to the inside of the leg, and this is called patellar luxation.

Dachshund

• History of the dachshund this animal was first bred in the early 1600s in Germany.
  Dachshunds were recorded in the English stud book as German Badger Hounds in 1874. The breeds streamlined shape and bold attitude were developed and perfected to help them hunt and eventually to fight actually badgers and other mammals deep within their underground dens.

• Now interestingly, this breed became popular in The U. S. During the early 1900s, but it actually fell out of favor during World War I. Now after World War I, a few U. S. Breeders slowly rebuilt the gene pool by importing German stock and the breed began to increase again in popularity. So description of this breed, they're very low to the ground, long in body and short of leg. They have robust muscular development.
  Skin is elastic and pliable. Dachshund is a well balanced and intelligent dog with very alert facial expression. Dachshunds have three different colors. There's a smooth short coat, long coat and a wire coat.

• So the weight and height.
  So their bred is shown in two different sizes, standard and miniature. Miniature are not a separate classification, but actually compete in a class division for eleven pound and under and 12 of age and older. Weight of the standard size is usually between sixteen and thirty two pounds.

• Now the breed has a wide variety of colors and patterns, such as black and tan, merle, red, cream, blue, wild boar, chocolate brown, etcetera. So lots of I sort of skipped that, I forgot to mention that to you.
  There's lots of different colors to the breed as well. Behavior and temperament.

• Dachshunds are playful and fun dogs to have and be around. They're actually known to chase small animals, birds, lizards and tennis balls, which can be attributed to their badger and rodent hunting pest.
  Dachshunds are also known for their extensive digging problems, which can also be attributed to their roots as well. Dachshunds are known for their devotion and loyalty to their owners and families. Dachshunds are known to so medical issues. So with this breed, Dachshunds are known to have spinal problems, especially intervertebral disc disease or IVDD. This is due mostly because of their extremely long spinal column and short rib cage.

• Now, the risk of injury can actually be worsened by obesity, so you really have to advise owners of this breed to be careful with obesity, which places a greater strain on the vertebral column.

Irish Wolfhound

• History of an Irish wolfhound! Essentially one of the earliest recorded references or one of the earliest recorded references of Irish wolfhounds is in the Roman records dating from March.
  So this was often used as royal gifts. It was associated with royalty. They hunted with their masters, fought beside them in battles, kind of interesting, played with their children and guarded their castles. Dogs are obviously very fierce hunters of wolves and the oversized Irish elk. And this is I love history.

• So this is an interesting tidbit. So these animals were actually so good at identifying prey that their prey disappeared from Ireland and the hounds actually fell upon hard times. And by the nineteenth century, there were a few Irish wolfhounds left in Ireland because there was not much prey for them to hunt, so there's no reason to have them. Description, dog has a large muscular greyhound like shape.
  It's actually the tallest of the dogs, but it's not the heaviest dog. It's an endurance runner. The breed's recognized colors are gray, brindle, red, black, pure white, fawn.

• What color is that? Fawn is a light yellowish tan color. So the weight of this dog, it's 120 pounds of minimum for the dog, one 105 pounds of minimum for a bitch.

• Height, 32 inches minimum for a dog, 30 inches minimum for a bitch!

• Very large dog. Behavior and temperament. Current times, primarily.

• It's a family companion. The Irish Wolfhound still will instinctively give chase to fleeing prey, spawn well to firm but gentle, consistent leadership, historically, these dogs are required to work at great distances from their masters.

• Because of this, they think independently when hunting rather than waiting for detailed commands, and this can still be seen in the breed today. Like most large dog breeds, some medical issues for Irish Wolfhounds include a relatively short lifespan. Animals within this breed live between six and ten years, with seven years being the average.

• Other medical issues include dilated cardiomyopathy and bone cancer are the leading causes of death. And then like other deep chested dogs, gastric torsion or bloat is also very common.

The Working Group

• There are 28 current breeds that are recognized in the working group, some of which include the Alaskan Malamute, Bernese Mountain Dog, Boxer, Doberman Pinscher as well as the Great Dane. General characteristics of the working group. Dogs in this group are bred to work with people, plus the name working group. The breeds perform a variety of functions, including or can include pulling sleds and carts, guarding property, policing, performing rescues in the water.

Cane Corso

• Cane Corso is a native of Italy.
  Cane Corso is actually a descendant of dogs used by the Romans in warfare. Cane Corso is also a catch dog used with cattle and swine and also in wild boar hunts.

• The breed was actually recovered from near extinction through the efforts of enthusiasts in the 1970s by means of crossbreeding this dog by appropriate types of selective breeding. The Cane Corso today is actually very different looking in comparison to its pre-1800s forefathers. The drive has actually been comes down in this breed. The breed has more bulk today than it has in the past, generally due to the shortening of the muzzle and widening of the skull. So this breed looks a lot different today than it did in the past.

• Description of the Cane Corso? It's a sturdy dog with a strong skeleton. It's a very muscular and athletic dog and moves with considerable ease and elegance. So weight is really it varies widely, it's proportionate to the height. The height is about twenty five to twenty seven point five inches for the dog, twenty three point five to twenty six inches for a bitch. Behavior and temperament. *So canes are easy to obedience train. *Dogs are can be highly suspicious of strangers, tend to be a quiet breed, though they will bark at anything about which they are unsure, so they're decent watchdogs *Canes are historically working dogs that need exercise and are best when they have a job to do.

  • So some medical issues with this dog! One is canine hip dysplasia is the most common. Another one that's the most common inherited problem within this group.

Rottweiler

• History :Rottweiler's ancestors were the drover dogs accompanying the herds that the Romans brought with them when they invaded Europe.This is a multifaceted herding and stock protection dog.
  It's actually capable of working all kinds of livestock under a variety of different conditions. Interestingly, as railroads became the primary method for moving stock to market, the breed dramatically declined, whereby 1900, there was only one female dog to be found in the town of Rottweil.

• Now the buildup to World War I actually saw a great demand for police dogs such as the Rottweiler, and that really led to the revival and interest in this breed. So description of this breed, it's just a powerful and robust breed, has a black and with clearly defined rust markings.
  Dogs are characteristically more massive throughout with larger frame and heavier bones than bitches, the dogs are!
  *The eyes are of medium size, almond shaped and dark brown in color.
  *The eyelids are close fitting.
  *The ears are medium size and pendant in shape, triangular, wide apart and set high on the head with the ears laid forward close to the head.
  *The skull appears to be broadened.
  *Another characteristic is the skin on the head is tight fitting.
  When the dog is alert, the forehead may appear wrinkled, slightly wrinkled. Weight, they're pretty large dogs. They're on average between one hundred and ten to one hundred and thirty two pounds for the dog, seventy seven to one hundred and five pounds for a bitch.
  *Height, twenty four to twenty seven inches for a dog, twenty two to twenty five inches for a bitch. Behavior and temperament.
  *The Rottie, as it's called, is mostly a calm, confident and courageous dog, very devoted, obedient, biddable and eager to work.
  *Dog has an inherent desire to protect the home and the family and reacts to their surroundings with great alertness.
  *Some medical issues. Breed is relatively healthy and actually disease free! However, like most large breeds, hip dysplasia can be a problem.

Siberian Husky

• History: The Siberian Husky, the history of the Siberian Husky is widely so where Huskies came from is widely to have originated from within the Chukchi tribe of the Eastern Siberian Peninsula.
  The dogs were used in 1908 for the All Alaskan sweepstakes, which was a 400 a little over 400 long dog sled race. Interestingly, recent DNA analysis confirms that this is one of the oldest breeds of dogs.

• The term Husky, interestingly, is from the name Esky, which was once applied to Eskimos and subsequently to their dogs. Description. Siberian Husky is a medium sized working dog.
  It's quick and light on its feet and free and graceful in action and movement. Dog is moderately compact and has a well furred body. Erect ears, as you can see by this pup, has a brush tail that shows its northern heritage.

• It has a very characteristic gait, very smooth and endless gait. The body proportions and form actually reflect the basic balance of power, speed and endurance of this breed.
  And then the Siberian huskies performed their original functions exceedingly well, carrying a light load at moderate speed over great distances. Weight, 21 to 23.5 inches at the withers for dog, 20 to 22 inches on average at the withers actually, that's mixed up. Hold on a second. Forty five to 60 pounds for the dog, apologize for that, 35 to 50 pounds for the bitch for the weight!

• The height, which is twenty one to twenty three point five inches at the withers for the dog, 20 to 22 inches at the withers for a bitch. Behavior and temperament. Siberian husky exhibits a wide range of behavior.
  They are known interestingly to howl rather than to bark. Dog is well trained. It can actually make a great family pet. Siberians, though, need consistent training and do well with a positive reinforcement training program.

• The dog, though, does not display possessive qualities of the guard dog, nor is the dog overly suspicious of strangers or aggressive with other dogs. Some medical issues. Health issues in this breed are mainly genetic such as seizures and defects of the eye.
  For example, corneal dystrophy, canine glaucoma, juvenile cataracts, and progressive retinal atrophy are some medical issues. One thing, though, is hip dysplasia is actually not found too often in this breed.

SIMPLIFIED

Kennel Clubs

• Dog clubs promote breeding and showing dogs.

• The Kennel Club, the first dog club, was formed in England in 1873.

  • Known for the Krust Dog Confirmation Show.

Kennel Club Functions

• Maintains breed standards and records pedigrees.

• Sets rules for dog shows and trials.

• Registers purebred dogs and litters.

• Manages aspects of dog breeds.

Purebred Dog Clubs in North America

• Includes AKC, CKC, and UKC.

• Clubs worldwide may recognize different breeds.

Recent Formation of New Clubs

• New clubs and registries have formed recently, such as Americas Pet Registry.

Reasons for New Club Formation

• New AKC requirements for DNA profiling.

  • Breeders avoid costs or disagree with inspections.

American Kennel Club (AKC)

• Dominant U.S. club, formed in 1884.

• Largest purebred registry with over 5,000 clubs.

• Functions include registry and event promotion.

• Not part of the World Canine Organization (WCO).

Dog Registration with the AKC

• Requires both parents and litter to be registered.

• Special research needed if not registered.

Purebred Alternative Listing Program (PAL) / Indefinite Listing Privilege Program (ILP)

• Allows purebreds without full registration to register alternatively.

• Often for dogs from shelters.

• Can participate in some AKC activities.

Resources for Learning About Dogs

• AKC Website, Dogbreedinfo.com, Hubs Pages.

AKC Dog Groups

• Eight groups: Sporting, Hound, Working, Terrier, Toy, Non-Sporting, Herding, Miscellaneous.

Sporting Group

• Bred to help hunters, especially with birds.

• Active in hunting and field activities.

• 28 breeds recognized.

General Characteristics of the Sporting Group

• Active and alert, bred for hunting.

• Instincts in water and woods.

Golden Retriever

• Originated in Scotland in the late 1800s.

• Used for hunting.

• Bred by Lord Tweedmouth.

• Sturdy with a medium-length golden coat.

• Dogs weigh 70-75 pounds, bitches 60-65 pounds.

• Dogs are 23-24 inches tall, bitches 21.5-22.5 inches.

• Gentle, loyal, and active.

• Prone to hip dysplasia and eye defects.

Labrador Retriever

• Originally from Newfoundland.

• Used by fishermen.

• Solid, muscular with a water-resistant coat.

• Dogs weigh 65-80 pounds, bitches 55-70 pounds.

• Dogs are 22-24 inches tall, bitches 21-23 inches.

• Loving, patient, intelligent, and lively.

• Prone to hip dysplasia and PRA.

Irish Setter

• Popular in the 18th century in Ireland and Britain.

• Developed from various spaniels and setters.

• Distinctive red coat.

• Dogs weigh around 70 pounds, bitches 60 pounds.

• Dogs are 27 inches tall, bitches 25 inches.

• High energy, loyal, and good with children.

• Medical issues include bloat and dysplasia.

Hound Group

• 27 breeds including Beagle and Greyhound.

• Used for hunting by sight or scent.

General Characteristics of Hound Group

• Bred to track game in the field.

Beagle

• Used for hunting rabbits in the 1500s.

• Sturdy with a short coat.

• Weighs 18-30 pounds.

• 13-15 inches tall.

• Friendly but sensitive.

• Medical issues include deafness and epilepsy.

Dachshund

• Bred in Germany in the 1600s to hunt badgers.

• Low to the ground with short legs.

• Three coat types: smooth, long, wire.

• Standard and miniature sizes.

• Playful and loyal.

• Prone to spinal problems.

Irish Wolfhound

• Referenced in Roman records.

• Used for hunting wolves and elk.

• Tallest dog breed.

• Dogs weigh 120 pounds minimum, bitches 105 pounds.

• Dogs are 32 inches tall, bitches 30 inches.

• Family companion.

• Short lifespan, prone to heart and bone cancer.

The Working Group

• 28 breeds that work with people.

Cane Corso

• From Italy, used by Romans in warfare.

• Sturdy and muscular.

• Easy to train.

• Can be suspicious of strangers.

• Prone to hip dysplasia.

Rottweiler

• Descended from Roman drover dogs.

• Powerful with black and rust markings.

• Dogs weigh 110-132 pounds, bitches 77-105 pounds.

• Dogs are 24-27 inches tall, bitches 22-25 inches.

• Calm