Purposive Communication: Quick Reference Notes

Context in Communication

• Context: composite of people interacting with each other (Madrunio & Martin, 2018).

Intrapersonal Communication

• Within self; talking to oneself; inner talk, inner monologue, self-statement.

Interpersonal Communication

• Between people; interactive exchange; greetings, getting to know; dyads or small groups.

Extended Communication

• Use of electronic media: teleconferencing, video-conferencing, Skype calls, and other technology.

Organizational Communication

• Focus: role of communication in organizational contexts; organizations comprise individuals who work for the company.

Organizational Structure

• Formal Structure: designated channels of message flow between positions.

  • Downward: superior to subordinate

  • Upward: subordinate to superior

  • Horizontal: people on the same level

  • Crosswise: employees from different units with different levels

• Informal Structure: grapevine messages; rumors; gossips.

Intercultural Communication

• Communication between or among people having different linguistic, religious, ethnic, social, and professional backgrounds.

Communication According to Purpose and Style

• Formal Communication: formal language; delivered orally or in written form; examples include lectures, public talks, proposals, reports, business letters; objectives: inform, entertain, persuade.

• Informal Communication: personal and ordinary conversations; modes: oral (face-to-face, everyday talks, phone calls) or written (emails, notes, letters, texts); purpose: socialize and enhance relationships.