Hexadecimal, Unicode, ASCII

What are the possible digits in the hexadecimal system (Base 16)?
The possible digits are 0 to 9 and A to F, where A to F represent denary digits 10 to 15.

What are some practical applications of hexadecimal systems?

• Defining colours in HTML

• Defining Media Access Control (MAC) addresses

• Assembly languages and machine code

• Debugging via memory dumps

How do you convert A5 hexadecimal to denary?
(16×10) + (1×5) = 165.

How do you convert 65 to hexadecimal?
65 ÷ 16 = 4 | Remainder 1 | ∴ 65 in hexadecimal = 41.

What does a character set generally include?
Upper & lower case letters, number digits, punctuation marks, and other characters.

What is character encoding?
Character encoding assigns binary representations to each character in a character set.

What are the three common character encoding standards?
ASCII, Extended ASCII, and Unicode.

What is ASCII encoding and how many possible characters can it represent?
ASCII uses 7 bits, allowing 128 possible characters, representing only the English alphabet.

How does Extended ASCII differ from ASCII?
Extended ASCII uses 8 bits, allowing 256 possible characters, and includes most European languages' alphabets.

What is Unicode encoding and what is its benefit?
Unicode is a superset of ASCII and Extended ASCII, using 2 or 4 bytes per character, supporting a wide range of global languages.

What are the storage space differences between ASCII, Extended ASCII, and Unicode?

• ASCII uses smaller storage space (7 bits per character).

• Extended ASCII uses 8 bits per character (2 or 4 times more storage).

• Unicode uses 2 or 4 bytes per character (even more storage space).